1.1.1 Structure and function of the processor

• What is the primary role of the Central Processing Unit (CPU)?

  Data processing and control
• The execution phase in the CPU involves performing the operation specified by the decoded instruction.


  True
• The Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU) performs arithmetic and logical operations
• Order the steps that the Control Unit (CU) would take to execute the instruction "ADD A, B, C".

  1️⃣ Fetch the instruction

  2️⃣ Decode the instruction

  3️⃣ Coordinate the ALU to add A and B

  4️⃣ Store the result in C
• The CPU fetches instructions from memory
• What is the function of the Control Unit (CU) in the CPU?

  Coordinates processor operations
• Match the CPU component with its function:

  Control Unit ↔️ Coordinates data flow

  Arithmetic Logic Unit ↔️ Performs calculations
• Order the steps involved in the CPU's fetch-decode-execute cycle.

  1️⃣ Fetch instruction

  2️⃣ Decode instruction

  3️⃣ Execute instruction
• What is the main function of the Control Unit (CU) within the CPU?

  Coordinates processor operations
• What is the role of the Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU) in the CPU?

  Performs arithmetic operations
• What is the primary function of the Central Processing Unit (CPU)?

  Data processing and control
• Steps in the CPU instruction cycle

  1️⃣ Fetch

  2️⃣ Decode

  3️⃣ Execute
• Registers are high-speed storage locations within the CPU.

  True
• Decoding instructions involves understanding the operations to be performed.


  True
• What is retrieved during the instruction fetch phase?

  Next instruction from memory
• Instruction Fetch places the retrieved instruction in the Instruction Register (IR)

  True
• What is the primary action of the Decode phase?

  Interpret instructions
• The Control Unit in the CPU coordinates operations and controls data flow

  True
• What does the Control Unit determine during the Decode phase?

  Operation and operands
• Match the ALU operation with its function:

  Arithmetic ↔️ Addition, subtraction, multiplication

  Logical ↔️ AND, OR, NOT, XOR

  Shift ↔️ Move bits left or right
• Order the key differences between Instruction Fetch and Decode phases

  1️⃣ Fetch retrieves instructions from memory

  2️⃣ Decode interprets instructions

  3️⃣ PC provides address in Fetch

  4️⃣ IR provides instruction in Decode
• Why do Instruction Fetch and Decode need to work together?

  Ensure correct execution
• What address source does the Instruction Fetch phase use to retrieve instructions from memory?

  Program Counter
• Match the memory type with its characteristics:

  RAM ↔️ Volatile, fast, moderate capacity

  ROM ↔️ Non-volatile, slower, moderate capacity
• Computers use caching to store frequently accessed data in specialized memory
• The Control Unit orchestrates the process of adding two numbers by directing the ALU.


  True
• The Arithmetic Logic Unit is responsible for fetching instructions from memory.

  False
• The Control Unit coordinates the operation of other components and controls the flow of data
• What are the four main functions of the Control Unit?

  Fetch, decode, coordinate, manage
• If the instruction is "ADD A to B", the ALU returns the result to the Control
• Which register stores the results from ALU operations?

  Accumulator
• What does the Accumulator (ACC) store in the CPU?

  Results from ALU operations
• What register does the Control Unit use to store the fetched instruction during the Instruction Fetch phase?

  Instruction Register (IR)
• What type of memory is volatile and used by the CPU for current operations?

  RAM
• Which component of the CPU performs arithmetic and logical operations?

  ALU
• A higher clock speed generally indicates a faster CPU.
• Match the power management features with their descriptions:

  DFS ↔️ Adjusts clock speed based on workload

  DVS ↔️ Alters voltage to match clock speed

  Power Gating ↔️ Disables unused components

  Sleep Modes ↔️ Places CPU in low-power states
• The CPU fetches instructions from memory
• Match the CPU component with its function:

  Control Unit ↔️ Coordinates processor operations

  Arithmetic Logic Unit ↔️ Performs arithmetic operations

  Registers ↔️ Holds data for immediate use
• Registers in the CPU are high-speed storage locations that hold data and addresses for immediate use.

  True