2.3 How criminals are treated

• The Court of Cassation is the highest appellate court in the French judicial system.
• The French legal system is inquisitorial, where judges actively investigate cases.


  True
• Order the factors that influence sentencing in the French legal system:

  1️⃣ Nature of the crime

  2️⃣ Criminal's history

  3️⃣ Mitigating or aggravating circumstances
• Judges have discretion in sentencing within legal guidelines.
• What is the role of lawyers in the inquisitorial French judicial system?

  Represent clients
• What is the contrasting judicial system to the inquisitorial system in France?

  Adversarial
• In the adversarial system, police gather evidence to present to prosecutors
• Order the three tiers of the French judicial system from lowest to highest:

  1️⃣ Courts of First Instance

  2️⃣ Courts of Appeal

  3️⃣ Court of Cassation
• What are the three main types of crimes in the French legal system?

  Contraventions, Délits, Crimes
• What is the maximum imprisonment for délits in the French legal system?

  10 years
• Order the stages of the French arrest and prosecution process:

  1️⃣ Arrest

  2️⃣ Investigation by the judge

  3️⃣ Indictment based on evidence

  4️⃣ Trial

  5️⃣ Sentencing
• The judge determines whether sufficient evidence exists for a trial during the indictment stage.


  True
• In the inquisitorial system, judges actively investigate cases, interrogate witnesses, and determine if charges should be filed
• Match the role with its description in the adversarial system:

  Police ↔️ Gather evidence to present to prosecutors

  Judges ↔️ Adjudicate between opposing lawyers

  Lawyers ↔️ Present arguments for their client
• What does the French prison system emphasize alongside incarceration?

  Rehabilitation
• Steps in the parole process in France:

  1️⃣ Apply to the Parole Board

  2️⃣ Attend a hearing

  3️⃣ Supervision by probation officers
• What type of cases does the Tribunal judiciaire handle?

  Civil and criminal
• In the French legal system, judges gather evidence, while lawyers present arguments.


  True
• Order the stages of the French arrest and prosecution process:

  1️⃣ Arrest

  2️⃣ Investigation

  3️⃣ Indictment

  4️⃣ Trial

  5️⃣ Sentencing
• What is the key role of police in the inquisitorial French judicial system?

  Apprehend suspects and gather evidence
• In the inquisitorial system, lawyers have a more central role than in adversarial systems.

  False
• What is the role of judges in the adversarial system?

  Adjudicate between opposing arguments
• What type of cases do Courts of First Instance handle in the French judicial system?

  Initial civil, criminal, labor, administrative cases
• Crimes in the French legal system are the most serious offenses and can result in life imprisonment.

  True
• What is the role of law enforcement during the arrest stage in the French judicial system?

  Apprehend suspect with reasonable cause
• What does the judge consider during sentencing in the French judicial system?

  Crime nature and criminal history
• What is the role of lawyers in the inquisitorial French judicial system?

  Represent clients and present arguments
• The inquisitorial approach emphasizes the judge's responsibility to discover the truth
• Inmates in French prisons have the right to communicate with family and friends
• What is the goal of general punishment in contrast to rehabilitation and parole?

  Deterrence and retribution
• Current debates in the French criminal justice system often focus on balancing punishment and rehabilitation.


  True
• Minor offenses in the French legal system are categorized as contraventions.
• What is the maximum imprisonment for a délit in the French legal system?

  10 years
• In the French system, the judge plays a central role in investigating the case.


  True
• In the inquisitorial system, judges actively investigate cases and interrogate witnesses
• Match the role in the inquisitorial system with its description:

  Police ↔️ Apprehend suspects and gather evidence

  Judges ↔️ Actively investigate and interrogate witnesses

  Lawyers ↔️ Represent clients and present arguments
• The inquisitorial approach emphasizes discovering the truth, while the adversarial system emphasizes due process and defense.


  True
• The French judicial system uses an inquisitorial approach, where judges actively investigate cases
• Contraventions in the French legal system are minor offenses punishable by fines or short prison sentences of up to 1 year.
• What factors influence the severity of punishment in the French legal system?

  Nature of the crime, criminal's history, mitigating or aggravating circumstances