2.3 Legislative Institutions

• In presidential systems, the relationship between the executive and legislative branches is separate and independent.


  True
• Bicameral systems have two legislative chambers, while unicameral systems have one.


  True
• What are the three main functions of legislative institutions?

  Lawmaking, oversight, representation
• What is the typical composition of legislatures in parliamentary systems?

  Often unicameral
• What is an advantage of unicameral systems?

  More efficient decision-making
• Steps in the legislative process of a bicameral system

  1️⃣ Drafting the bill

  2️⃣ Debate in the lower house

  3️⃣ Debate in the upper house

  4️⃣ Final approval
• Legislative institutions represent the interests of citizens in the policymaking process.


  True
• What is a key advantage of bicameral systems?

  Checks and balances
• Who typically introduces bills in a parliamentary system?

  Government
• Most bills in the United Kingdom are introduced by the government
• Match the feature with the correct legislative system:

  Relationship to Executive ↔️ Fused and interdependent in parliamentary systems

  Member Selection ↔️ Indirect election via party lists in parliamentary systems
• Which countries use unicameral legislative systems?

  United Kingdom, Sweden
• Match the legislative function with the correct system:

  Lawmaking ↔️ Legislation must pass both houses in presidential systems

  Oversight ↔️ Parliamentary committees oversee in parliamentary systems
• In a parliamentary system, floor debate occurs in parliament
• Legislative institutions monitor and check the actions of the executive branch.
• The relationship between the executive and legislative branches is fused and interdependent in parliamentary systems.
• Bicameral systems provide checks and balances and represent diverse interests.
• What is the main function of legislative institutions?

  Lawmaking
• Match the feature with the correct legislative system:

  Relationship to Executive ↔️ Separate and independent in presidential systems

  Composition ↔️ Bicameral in presidential systems
• The legislative process ensures that legislation reflects the interests of the people.


  True
• A majority vote in parliament is required for a bill to pass in a parliamentary system.


  True
• Lawmaking is a primary function of legislative institutions.


  True
• The key difference between bicameral and unicameral systems is the number of legislative chambers.

  True
• In which country does most legislation originate from the government?

  United Kingdom
• Legislative institutions are identical across all political systems.

  False
• Parliamentary systems feature a fused relationship between the executive and legislative branches.


  True
• Which country is an example of a parliamentary system with a fused executive and legislative relationship?

  United Kingdom
• Match the features of unicameral and bicameral legislative systems with their characteristics:

  Unicameral ↔️ Single legislative chamber

  Bicameral ↔️ Two legislative chambers
• Legislative institutions play three critical roles: lawmaking, oversight, and representation
• What are the two main types of political systems that influence the legislative process?

  Presidential and parliamentary
• What role does the President play in the legislative process of a presidential system?

  Approves or vetoes bills
• A majority vote is required in parliament for a bill to pass in a parliamentary system


  True
• Bicameral systems have two legislative chambers, such as a Senate and a House of Representatives


  True
• What type of representation is common in parliamentary systems?

  Party-based representation
• In presidential systems, oversight of the executive is conducted by Congress
• Which type of political system often features a unicameral legislative structure?

  Parliamentary systems
• Unicameral systems are more agile in policy-making compared to bicameral systems.


  True
• One key function of legislative institutions is to monitor the actions of the executive branch
• Unicameral systems are more efficient in decision-making
• Stages of the legislative process in a presidential system:

  1️⃣ Bill Introduction by Legislative Members

  2️⃣ Committee Review and Amendments

  3️⃣ Floor Debate in Both Chambers

  4️⃣ Majority Vote Required in Each Chamber

  5️⃣ Executive Approval by the President