3.6 Spectroscopy

• Absorption spectroscopy measures the light absorbed by a substance.


  True
• The energy of electromagnetic radiation is directly proportional to its frequency
• The Beer-Lambert Law states that absorbance is inversely proportional to concentration.

  False
• The Beer-Lambert Law is mathematically expressed as A
• What is the unit of absorbance in the Beer-Lambert Law?

  Dimensionless
• Atomic spectroscopy analyzes the absorption and emission spectra of atoms.


  True
• In molecular spectroscopy, infrared (IR) radiation is used to study vibrational modes
• Match the type of spectroscopy with its primary interaction:

  Absorption Spectroscopy ↔️ Light absorbed

  Emission Spectroscopy ↔️ Light emitted
• What does absorption spectroscopy measure?

  Light absorbed by a substance
• What is the electromagnetic spectrum?

  Entire range of EM radiation
• Arrange the regions of the electromagnetic spectrum in order of increasing energy.

  1️⃣ Radio Waves

  2️⃣ Microwaves

  3️⃣ Infrared

  4️⃣ Visible Light

  5️⃣ Ultraviolet

  6️⃣ X-Rays

  7️⃣ Gamma Rays
• The Beer-Lambert Law is expressed mathematically as $A =$$\epsilon b c$, where $\epsilon$ is the molar absorptivity.
• What is one application of atomic spectroscopy?

  Identifying elements in a sample
• What is spectroscopy the study of?

  Radiation-matter interaction
• Match the region of the electromagnetic spectrum with its characteristic:

  Radio Waves ↔️ Longest wavelengths

  Visible Light ↔️ 400-700 nm

  Gamma Rays ↔️ Highest frequencies
• The energy of electromagnetic radiation increases as its wavelength decreases.

  True
• What does the Beer-Lambert Law relate the absorbance of light to?

  Concentration and path length
• In the Beer-Lambert Law, $\epsilon$ represents the molar absorptivity
• The Beer-Lambert Law states that absorbance is inversely proportional to concentration.

  False
• The molar absorptivity in the Beer-Lambert Law has the unit L
• What is a primary application of atomic spectroscopy in astrophysics?

  Studying star composition
• What does absorption spectroscopy measure in matter?

  Light absorbed
• What does the electromagnetic spectrum describe?

  Radiation wavelengths and frequencies
• Absorption spectroscopy requires an external light source.


  True
• Visible light has a frequency range of 430-750 THz.


  True
• The Beer-Lambert Law states that absorbance is directly proportional to concentration and path length.


  True
• Match the type of atomic spectroscopy with its interaction:

  Absorption Spectroscopy ↔️ Measures light absorbed by atoms

  Emission Spectroscopy ↔️ Analyzes light emitted by atoms
• Molecular spectroscopy provides insights into the bonding of atoms within molecules.


  True
• Molecules absorb or emit light, generating characteristic spectra
• What type of spectroscopy probes electronic transitions within molecules?

  UV-Vis Spectroscopy
• Which atomic nuclei are commonly studied in NMR spectroscopy?

  1H and 13C
• What does spin-spin coupling reveal in NMR spectra?

  Connectivity of neighboring nuclei
• Arrange the steps of mass spectroscopy in the correct order:

  1️⃣ Ionization

  2️⃣ Separation

  3️⃣ Detection
• The ionizing radiation in mass spectroscopy has much higher energy than the electromagnetic spectrum used in other techniques
• Emission spectroscopy analyzes the light emitted
• What formula relates the energy of electromagnetic radiation to its wavelength?

  $E =$$hc / \lambda$
• In the Beer-Lambert Law, $\epsilon$ represents the molar absorptivity
• Match the variable in the Beer-Lambert Law with its definition:

  A ↔️ Absorbance

  \epsilon ↔️ Molar absorptivity

  b ↔️ Path length

  c ↔️ Concentration
• In absorption spectroscopy, light is absorbed
• Spectroscopy involves analyzing the interaction between electromagnetic radiation and matter.


  True