2.1 The US Constitution and Federalism

• The US Constitution consists of the Preamble, 7 Articles, and 27 Amendments.

  True
• What is the purpose of the US Constitution according to the study material?

  Establishes government structure
• The federal government controls monetary policy by setting interest rates.
• What are the four key principles of the US Constitution?

  Separation of powers, checks and balances, federalism, individual rights
• The US Constitution consists of a Preamble, 7 Articles, and 27 Amendments.

  True
• Federalism divides powers between the federal and state governments
• The federal government's responsibilities include national defense and interstate commerce
• Arrange the following principles in order of their relevance to the US Constitution:

  1️⃣ Separation of Powers

  2️⃣ Federalism

  3️⃣ Checks and Balances

  4️⃣ Individual Rights
• The Supremacy Clause in the US Constitution establishes the federal government's supremacy over state laws.


  True
• Steps involved in the checks and balances process when Congress overrides a presidential veto:

  1️⃣ The President vetoes a bill

  2️⃣ Congress overrides the veto with a 2/3 majority vote

  3️⃣ The bill becomes law
• Match the constitutional amendments with their descriptions:

  1st Amendment ↔️ Freedom of speech, religion, press

  13th Amendment ↔️ Abolished slavery

  15th Amendment ↔️ Suffrage for all men regardless of race

  19th Amendment ↔️ Voting rights for women
• Order the key principles of the US Constitution according to their primary focus:

  1️⃣ Separation of Powers

  2️⃣ Checks and Balances

  3️⃣ Federalism

  4️⃣ Individual Rights
• The federal government's supremacy over state laws is established in the Supremacy Clause
• Federal powers include national defense, foreign policy, and interstate commerce
• Arrange the key responsibilities of the federal government in alphabetical order:

  1️⃣ Foreign Policy

  2️⃣ Interstate Commerce

  3️⃣ Monetary Policy

  4️⃣ National Defense
• States can act as "laboratories of democracy" by experimenting with innovative policies.

  True
• What is the US Constitution considered in the United States?

  The supreme law
• Match the principle of the US Constitution with its purpose:

  Separation of Powers ↔️ Prevents any one branch from becoming too powerful

  Checks and Balances ↔️ Maintains balance of power and ensures accountability

  Federalism ↔️ Promotes unity while preserving state sovereignty

  Individual Rights ↔️ Safeguards personal freedoms
• The principle of separation of powers divides government into three branches.
• What is the US Constitution considered?

  The supreme law
• What are the key principles of the US Constitution?

  Separation of powers, checks and balances, federalism, individual rights
• Why do states retain significant powers under federalism?

  To preserve state sovereignty
• What are some local matters over which states retain autonomy?

  Education, healthcare, law enforcement
• The principle of federalism in the United States ensures that states retain significant autonomy and powers not delegated to the federal
• The separation of powers in the US Constitution is intended to prevent any one branch from becoming too powerful
• The President can appoint federal judges, who must be confirmed by the Senate.


  True
• The Bill of Rights includes the first 10 amendments to the US Constitution.

  True
• Match the constitutional principles with their purposes:

  Separation of Powers ↔️ Prevents any one branch from becoming too powerful

  Checks and Balances ↔️ Ensures accountability

  Federalism ↔️ Preserves state sovereignty

  Individual Rights ↔️ Safeguards personal freedoms
• The federal government is responsible for maintaining national defense and foreign policy.


  True
• The Supremacy Clause states that federal laws are supreme over state laws.


  True
• What principle balances federal and state powers to promote national unity and state sovereignty?

  Federalism
• Match the branch of the federal government with its primary responsibility:

  Legislative (Congress) ↔️ Enacts laws

  Executive (President) ↔️ Enforces laws

  Judicial (Supreme Court) ↔️ Interprets laws
• What majority is required in Congress to override a presidential veto?

  2/3
• What is the term for federal laws that supersede state laws under the Supremacy Clause?

  National preemption
• The US Constitution was ratified in 1788
• The principle of federalism is enshrined in the Tenth Amendment.
• What is one key responsibility of the federal government?

  National defense
• Federalism balances the powers of the federal and state governments.

  True
• The US Constitution was ratified in 1788
• Match the principle with its purpose:

  Separation of Powers ↔️ Prevents abuse of power

  Checks and Balances ↔️ Ensures accountability

  Federalism ↔️ Preserves state sovereignty

  Individual Rights ↔️ Protects personal freedoms