3.3 Kinetic Molecular Theory

• How do gas particles move according to the KMT?

  Randomly in straight lines
• What is the relationship between the average kinetic energy of gas particles and their absolute temperature?

  Directly proportional
• Charles' Law states that at constant pressure, volume is directly proportional to absolute temperature
• Match each gas law with its relationship:

  Boyle's Law ↔️ $P \propto \frac{1}{V}$

  Charles' Law ↔️ $V \propto T$

  Avogadro's Law ↔️ $V \propto n$
• Charles' Law states that at constant pressure, the volume of a gas is directly proportional to its absolute temperature.


  True
• The average kinetic energy of gas particles is directly proportional to the absolute temperature of the gas.

  True
• The average kinetic energy of gas particles is proportional to the absolute temperature
• Match the KMT postulate with its description:

  Particle Size ↔️ Tiny particles with negligible volume

  Random Motion ↔️ Particles move randomly in straight lines

  Elastic Collisions ↔️ No kinetic energy lost during collisions

  Negligible Intermolecular Forces ↔️ No attraction or repulsion between particles

  Kinetic Energy and Temperature ↔️ Average kinetic energy proportional to temperature
• Which property of a gas is directly proportional to its absolute temperature according to the KMT?

  Average kinetic energy
• Match the KMT postulate with its description:

  Particle Size ↔️ Negligible volume of gas particles

  Random Motion ↔️ Continuous movement in straight lines

  Elastic Collisions ↔️ No loss of kinetic energy

  Negligible Intermolecular Forces ↔️ No attraction or repulsion between particles
• Order the gas laws based on the KMT from their relationships:

  1️⃣ Boyle's Law: \(P \propto \frac{1}{V}\)

  2️⃣ Charles' Law: \(V \propto T\)

  3️⃣ Avogadro's Law: \(V \propto n\)
• What is the relationship between volume and the number of gas particles according to Avogadro's Law?

  Directly proportional
• Higher temperature increases the average kinetic energy of gas particles.


  True
• What happens to gas pressure when dipole-dipole forces increase?

  Decreases
• Changes in tire pressure are related to temperature and gas molecular kinetic energy.


  True
• What does the Kinetic Molecular Theory (KMT) describe the behavior of?

  Gases
• Gas particles have a volume that is significant compared to the overall volume of the gas.

  False
• Gas particles have strong intermolecular forces between them.

  False
• What is the relationship between volume and pressure in Boyle's Law at constant temperature?

  Inversely proportional
• Which postulate of the KMT explains Boyle's Law?

  Random motion
• What does Boyle's Law state about the relationship between pressure and volume of a gas at constant temperature?

  Inversely proportional
• According to the Kinetic Molecular Theory (KMT), what type of motion do gas particles exhibit?

  Random motion
• What does the Kinetic Molecular Theory (KMT) help explain about gases?

  Macroscopic properties
• The negligible intermolecular forces postulate in KMT assumes that there is no attraction or repulsion between gas particles.


  True
• The Kinetic Molecular Theory (KMT) uses five postulates to describe the behavior of gases.


  True
• Collisions between gas particles and container walls are perfectly elastic
• Increasing temperature causes gas volume to expand according to Charles' Law.


  True
• Match the type of intermolecular force with its description:

  Dipole-Dipole ↔️ Occurs between polar molecules

  Hydrogen Bonding ↔️ Strong interaction with H bonded to N, O, or F

  London Dispersion Forces ↔️ Weak temporary forces in nonpolar molecules
• How does KMT explain the cooling process in air conditioning systems?

  Reduces molecular kinetic energy
• The Kinetic Molecular Theory (KMT) is a set of assumptions used to describe the behavior of gases, particularly ideal gases
• Collisions between gas particles and the container walls are perfectly elastic
• The average kinetic energy of gas particles is proportional to their absolute temperature
• Avogadro's Law states that at constant temperature and pressure, the volume of a gas is directly proportional to the number of moles.


  True
• According to the KMT, more gas particles lead to more frequent collisions, expanding the volume
• Avogadro's Law states that at constant temperature and pressure, the volume of a gas is directly proportional to the number of moles
• What is the relationship between the kinetic energy and absolute temperature of gas particles according to the KMT?

  Proportional
• The KMT explains how changes in temperature affect the macroscopic properties of gases such as pressure and volume.


  True
• According to the KMT, collisions between gas particles and the container walls are perfectly elastic
• The average kinetic energy of gas particles is directly proportional to the absolute temperature
• What is the assumption regarding the volume of gas particles in the KMT?

  Negligible volume