4.2 Change in Momentum and Impulse

• What is momentum defined as in physics?

  Product of mass and velocity
• Match the concept with its definition:

  Momentum ↔️ Product of mass and velocity

  Velocity ↔️ Rate of change of position

  Acceleration ↔️ Rate of change of velocity

  Force ↔️ Cause of acceleration
• Momentum and change in momentum are vector quantities.


  True
• Impulse is equal to the change in momentum of an object.


  True
• What is change in momentum defined as?

  Final momentum minus initial momentum
• What is impulse defined as?

  Product of force and time
• What is the formula for impulse in terms of force and time interval?

  $J =$$F \Delta t$
• The negative sign of the force indicates it opposes the car's motion.


  True
• Momentum is mathematically represented as p = mv
• What is the formula for calculating change in momentum?

  $\Delta p =$$p_{f} - p_{i}$
• What is impulse defined as in physics?

  Product of force and time
• Match the concept with its formula:

  Momentum ↔️ $p =$$mv$

  Impulse ↔️ $J =$$FΔt$

  Change in Momentum ↔️ $\Delta p =$$m(v_{f} - v_{i})$
• Match the variable with its meaning:

  $\Delta p$ ↔️ Change in momentum

  $p_{f}$ ↔️ Final momentum

  $m$ ↔️ Mass of the object

  $v_{f}$ ↔️ Final velocity
• Impulse is equal to the change in momentum of an object.

  True
• A 0.5 kg ball is struck with a force of 10 N for 0.2 seconds. What is the change in momentum of the ball?

  $2 \, \text{kg} \cdot \text{m / s}$
• Momentum is conserved in closed systems.


  True
• Change in momentum can also be expressed as m(v_{f} - v_{i})
• Impulse is mathematically represented as J = FΔt
• Arrange the steps to calculate impulse using force and time:

  1️⃣ Determine the force acting on the object

  2️⃣ Determine the time interval over which the force acts

  3️⃣ Calculate the impulse using $J =$$FΔt$
• Change in momentum is a vector quantity.

  True
• What does the impulse-momentum theorem state?

  Impulse equals change in momentum
• A 1500 kg car traveling at 20 m/s brakes to a stop in 5 seconds. What is the average force exerted by the brakes?

  $- 6000 \, \text{N}$