13.3.1 Understanding ideal op-amp characteristics

• An Operational Amplifier (Op-Amp) is a high-gain, differential amplifier
• The output terminal of an op-amp is located on the right
• An ideal op-amp with infinite input impedance draws negligible current
• What type of amplifier amplifies and inverts the input signal?

  Negative
• Which input terminal amplifies and inverts the signal?

  Inverting input
• An ideal op-amp has infinite open-loop gain.


  True
• The bandwidth of an ideal op-amp is infinite
• High input impedance op-amps draw minimal current
• Finite output impedance in real op-amps can cause a voltage drop across the load
• An ideal op-amp has infinite bandwidth.


  True
• The finite bandwidth of real op-amps is a key consideration in high-frequency circuit design
• An op-amp can be used in circuits for amplification, filtering, and signal processing
• An ideal op-amp has infinite open-loop gain.


  True
• What is the effect of high input impedance on circuit stability?

  High circuit stability
• What happens to the output of an ideal op-amp in comparator mode?

  Full voltage swing
• How does an ideal op-amp behave in comparator mode?

  Full voltage swing
• Match the op-amp input terminal with its function:

  Inverting Input (-) ↔️ Amplifies and inverts signal

  Non-inverting Input (+) ↔️ Amplifies signal without inverting
• Real op-amps have infinite input impedance.

  False
• The non-inverting input of an op-amp amplifies the signal without inverting it.

  True
• The op-amp symbol is a triangle with two input terminals and one output terminal.


  True
• Match the terminal with its function:

  Inverting Input ↔️ Amplifies and inverts the signal

  Non-inverting Input ↔️ Amplifies the signal without inverting

  Output ↔️ Provides the amplified voltage
• What is the input impedance of an ideal op-amp?

  Infinite
• What is the output impedance of an ideal op-amp?

  Zero
• What is the typical open-loop gain of a real op-amp?

  100,000
• What does it mean for an ideal op-amp to have infinite bandwidth?

  It amplifies all frequencies
• What is the function of the inverting input of an op-amp?

  Amplifies and inverts
• What does the non-inverting input of an op-amp do to the input signal?

  Amplifies without inverting
• An ideal op-amp draws significant current from the input source.

  False
• Finite output impedance in real op-amps can limit their load driving capability
• The open-loop gain of a real op-amp is infinite.

  False
• What is an example of a circuit where infinite gain is crucial?

  Light detection circuit
• What is the typical bandwidth range of real op-amps?

  Few Hertz to megahertz
• Steps to consider when designing circuits requiring high-frequency operation with real op-amps

  1️⃣ Identify high-frequency requirements

  2️⃣ Select op-amp with appropriate bandwidth

  3️⃣ Test circuit for signal distortion
• Real op-amps have non-zero output offset voltage due to manufacturing imperfections
• The inverting input of an op-amp amplifies and inverts the input signal.


  True
• Order the ideal op-amp properties from highest to lowest typical values:

  1️⃣ Open-Loop Gain

  2️⃣ Input Impedance

  3️⃣ Output Impedance
• Op-amps are used in control systems for feedback and comparison.


  True
• Op-amps are used in audio amplifiers to boost signal levels
• In a simple amplifier circuit, resistors are used to set the gain and feedback characteristics
• What is the output impedance of an ideal op-amp?

  Zero