1.2 Program Design and Development Process

• What is the primary characteristic of the Waterfall development model?

  Sequential
• What are the key activities in the Planning stage of the program design and development process?

  Gather requirements, set timelines
• The Waterfall model is well-suited for projects with changing requirements.

  False
• What are the key steps in gathering and analyzing user requirements?

  1️⃣ Conduct user interviews and surveys

  2️⃣ Observe user behavior

  3️⃣ Analyze user data

  4️⃣ Prioritize requirements
• Why is a user-centric approach important in software development?

  Creates useful and usable software
• What are some key considerations when choosing an algorithm and data structure?

  Efficiency and performance
• Match the data structure with its example:

  Array ↔️ Sorted list of numbers

  Stack ↔️ Last-in, first-out (LIFO)

  Queue ↔️ First-in, first-out (FIFO)

  Tree ↔️ Hierarchical data storage
• In the testing phase, developers verify that the software is free of bugs
• Which development model is suitable for complex projects with high-risk management?

  Spiral
• What is the primary activity in the implementation stage of software development?

  Writing the code
• Match the stage with its key activity:

  Planning ↔️ Gather requirements

  Design ↔️ Conceptualize architecture

  Implementation ↔️ Code development

  Testing ↔️ System testing

  Deployment ↔️ Set up servers

  Maintenance ↔️ Address bugs
• Time complexity is often expressed using Big O notation.


  True
• Implementing the program involves translating the software design into code
• Match the testing method with its purpose:

  Unit Testing ↔️ Verify individual components

  Integration Testing ↔️ Ensure modules work together

  System Testing ↔️ Validate end-to-end functionality
• What does the Requirements Specification documentation define?

  Functional and non-functional requirements
• Developer documentation explains the program's code, APIs, and development processes for other developers.

  True
• Thorough and well-organized documentation is crucial for the long-term success of a software program.


  True
• What are the steps in the program design and development process?

  1️⃣ Planning

  2️⃣ Design

  3️⃣ Implementation

  4️⃣ Testing

  5️⃣ Deployment

  6️⃣ Maintenance
• The Spiral development model is risk-driven and includes iterative planning and risk analysis.


  True
• Match the stage of the program design and development process with its key activities:

  Design ↔️ Conceptualize architecture, develop data model

  Implementation ↔️ Code development, code documentation

  Testing ↔️ System testing, user acceptance testing
• The Spiral model is time-consuming but effective for managing risk
• Algorithms are step-by-step procedures for solving problems, while data structures organize and store data.


  True
• Data structures are used to organize and store data for algorithms.


  True
• Space complexity refers to the memory required by an algorithm.


  True
• Designing effective algorithms and data structures impacts the overall quality and performance of software.


  True
• What is created during the design phase of the program design and development process?

  Blueprint of the software
• Match the development model with its description:

  Waterfall ↔️ Sequential and rigid

  Agile ↔️ Iterative and adaptable

  Spiral ↔️ Risk-driven with iterative planning
• In the planning stage, developers gather requirements and set timelines.
• The first stage in the program design and development process is planning
• Algorithms are step-by-step procedures that define how to solve a problem
• Match the data structure with its example:

  Array ↔️ Ordered list

  Linked List ↔️ Dynamic list

  Tree ↔️ Hierarchy of data

  Hash Table ↔️ Key-value pairs
• Testing ensures the software performs according to its requirements
• Developers should be familiar with the debugging capabilities of their chosen language
• What is the role of documentation in the program design and development process?

  Describes the software and its functionality
• Documentation facilitates maintenance and future updates by providing a clear understanding of the program's structure and implementation


  True
• What does a User Manual provide guidance for?

  End-users on program operation
• A developer documentation entry might include the function name, description, parameters, and returns
• Adding new features based on user needs is part of maintaining and updating a program.


  True
• The program design and development process is a systematic approach used to create software applications, ensuring they meet specific requirements
• The Agile development model is known for its focus on continuous feedback and flexibility