7.2.2 Thermoregulation

• What is the purpose of thermoregulation in animals?

  Maintain stable body temperature
• How do endotherms maintain their body temperature?

  Generate heat internally
• Ectotherm body temperature is stable regardless of the environment.

  False
• Order the steps of thermoregulation in an endotherm when the body temperature is too high:

  1️⃣ Hypothalamus detects high temperature

  2️⃣ Vasodilation occurs

  3️⃣ Sweating increases

  4️⃣ Body temperature decreases
• Vasodilation decreases body temperature by releasing heat.


  True
• Endotherms maintain a stable body temperature regardless of external conditions.


  True
• Vasoconstriction conserves heat, increasing body temperature.

  True
• Match the thermoregulation mechanism with its process description:

  Vasodilation ↔️ Widening of blood vessels near the skin

  Vasoconstriction ↔️ Constriction of blood vessels near the skin

  Sweating ↔️ Release of sweat from sweat glands

  Shivering ↔️ Rapid muscle contractions
• Match the type of feedback loop with its function:

  Negative Feedback Loop ↔️ Maintains stability

  Positive Feedback Loop ↔️ Amplifies change
• What behavioral mechanism do ectotherms use to increase body temperature?

  Basking
• The hypothalamus acts as the body's thermostat
• Ectotherms rely on external sources to regulate their body temperature
• What happens to blood vessels near the skin during vasodilation?

  Widen to release heat
• Shivering generates heat through rapid muscle contractions.


  True
• Sweating cools the body through the process of evaporation
• Ectotherms rely on external sources to regulate their body temperature.
• How does sweating cool the body?

  Through evaporation
• What type of mechanisms do ectotherms rely on for thermoregulation?

  Behavioral and physiological
• What does a negative feedback loop do in thermoregulation?

  Returns to set point
• Endotherms maintain a stable body temperature, while ectotherms rely on external sources.


  True
• Match the thermoregulation mechanism with its effect on body temperature:

  Vasodilation ↔️ Decreases body temperature

  Vasoconstriction ↔️ Increases body temperature

  Sweating ↔️ Cools the body through evaporation

  Shivering ↔️ Generates heat
• Order the steps in thermoregulation for an endotherm in a cold environment:

  1️⃣ Shivering

  2️⃣ Vasoconstriction

  3️⃣ Decreased sweating
• Vasoconstriction conserves heat by constricting blood vessels near the skin
• What is thermoregulation defined as?

  Maintaining stable body temperature
• What effect does shivering have on body temperature?

  Increases it
• Which feature of endotherms distinguishes them from ectotherms?

  Internal heat source
• Shivering generates heat through rapid muscle contractions
• Basking in sunlight increases body temperature in ectotherms.


  True
• If body temperature rises above the set point, vasodilation allows more heat to be released through the skin
• Match the animal group with its thermoregulation strategy:

  Humans ↔️ Shivering, Sweating

  Lizards ↔️ Basking, Burrowing
• Thermoregulation is essential for survival as it maintains body temperature within a narrow range.


  True
• Which animals are examples of endotherms?

  Mammals and birds
• How does sweating cool the body down?

  Through evaporation
• The region in the brain that acts as the body's thermostat is the hypothalamus
• Match the thermoregulation mechanism with its effect on body temperature:

  Vasodilation ↔️ Decreases body temperature

  Vasoconstriction ↔️ Increases body temperature

  Sweating ↔️ Cools the body

  Shivering ↔️ Generates heat
• Steps of vasodilation in endotherms

  1️⃣ Blood vessels near the skin widen

  2️⃣ More heat is released from the body

  3️⃣ Body temperature decreases
• Thermoregulatory mechanisms maintain body temperature within a narrow, optimal range.


  True
• Burrowing helps ectotherms regulate their body temperature
• Shivering generates heat when body temperature falls below the set point.

  True