1.1.2.2 Coastal Landforms

• What is the formation process of a headland?

  Wave action erosion
• Beaches are formed by the erosion of headlands.

  False
• What is hydraulic action in coastal erosion?

  Wave force dislodges material
• A headland is a rocky, steep cliff extending into the sea
• How is a bay formed in coastal areas?

  Erosion of softer rock
• Erosion is the key process that shapes coastal landforms
• A headland is a rocky, steep cliff extending into the sea
• Weathering is the only process that shapes coastal landforms.

  False
• Order the processes involved in shaping coastal landforms:

  1️⃣ Weathering weakens rock

  2️⃣ Erosion wears away rock
• Deposition and sedimentation contribute to the formation of beaches and spits.

  True
• Coastal landforms are shaped by ongoing coastal processes
• What is the key process that shapes coastal landforms?

  Erosion
• Which type of erosion involves the collision and breakdown of rock fragments?

  Attrition
• Mechanical weathering weakens cliffs, leading to features like caves and arches.
• Order the processes involved in shaping coastal landforms from strongest to weakest:

  1️⃣ Erosion

  2️⃣ Weathering

  3️⃣ Deposition

  4️⃣ Sedimentation
• Sedimentation refers to the accumulation of deposited sediment over time.
• What contributes to the formation of headlands and bays due to differential erosion?

  Varying rock resistance
• Coastal landforms are distinctive physical features along the coastline that are shaped by ongoing coastal processes
• Match the coastal landform with its key feature:

  Headland ↔️ Rocky, steep cliff

  Bay ↔️ Arc-shaped indentation

  Beach ↔️ Sandy or gravelly slope

  Stack ↔️ Isolated pillar of rock
• Bays are formed by the erosion of softer rock between headlands
• What is a stack in coastal geology?

  Isolated pillar of rock
• What two factors combine to shape coastal landforms?

  Erosion and rock resistance
• What is the composition of a beach in coastal geology?

  Sandy or gravelly slope
• Chemical weathering can selectively erode softer rock
• The accumulation of deposited sediment over time is known as sedimentation
• What is the definition of deposition in coastal geology?

  Laying down of sediment
• Match the type of erosion with its effect on coastal landforms:

  Hydraulic action ↔️ Forms bays and headlands

  Abrasion ↔️ Creates beaches and stacks

  Attrition ↔️ Shapes coastal features
• Abrasion creates beaches and stacks through the grinding action of sediment carried by waves.

  True
• Match the coastal landform with its formation process and key feature:

  Headland ↔️ Eroded on three sides by wave action ||| Rocky, steep cliff extending into the sea

  Bay ↔️ Erosion of softer rock between headlands ||| Sheltered, arc-shaped indentation

  Beach ↔️ Sediment deposition by waves and currents ||| Sandy or gravelly slope along the coast

  Stack ↔️ Isolated by wave erosion ||| Vertical column rising from the sea
• What is the process called where sediment is laid down by waves and currents?

  Deposition
• Match the coastal landform with its formation process and key features:

  Cliffs ↔️ Eroded by wave action ||| Steep, rocky faces along the coastline

  Beaches ↔️ Deposition by waves and currents ||| Sandy or gravelly areas

  Spits ↔️ Deposition by longshore drift ||| Curving landforms extending into the sea
• Abrasion involves the grinding action of sediment carried by waves.


  True
• Match the coastal landform with its formation process:

  Beach ↔️ Sediment deposition

  Stack ↔️ Wave erosion

  Headland ↔️ Erosion on three sides

  Bay ↔️ Erosion of softer rock
• Match the type of erosion with its description:

  Hydraulic action ↔️ Wave force dislodging material

  Abrasion ↔️ Sediment grinding the coast

  Attrition ↔️ Rock fragments colliding
• How is a bay formed along the coastline?

  Erosion of softer rock
• What is the primary impact of mechanical weathering on coastal landforms?

  Weakens and destabilizes cliffs
• What is the process where sediment is laid down by waves and currents called?

  Deposition
• What is the role of longshore drift in the formation of spits?

  Deposits sediment
• How is a bay distinguished from a headland along the coastline?

  Arc-shaped indentation
• The force of waves crashing against the coast is called hydraulic action.