1.1 Interaction of Heredity and Environment

Cards (29)

  • What molecule carries genetic information in genes?
    DNA
  • What is the influence of heredity on human behavior?
    Biological traits, inherited behaviors
  • What ensures the transmission of traits from parents to offspring?
    Genes and DNA
  • Gene-environment interaction refers to how our genes and environment work together to shape our behavior
  • Identical twins share all their genes.

    True
  • What is the range of heritability values?
    0 to 1
  • What does the term environment refer to in the context of behavioral development?
    External factors influencing development
  • Stress can interact with genes to affect the risk of anxiety
  • DNA is a double helix molecule that carries genetic information
  • What are three examples of environmental factors that influence behavior?
    Family dynamics, cultural norms, nutrition
  • What do twin studies compare to understand the influence of heredity and environment?
    Identical and fraternal twins
  • What is the primary goal of twin studies in understanding traits and behaviors?
    Heredity vs. environment influence
  • High heritability values indicate a strong genetic component for a trait.

    True
  • Match the concept with its description:
    Genes ↔️ Basic units of heredity
    DNA ↔️ Double helix molecule carrying genetic information
  • Environmental factors such as education and nutrition significantly influence behavior.
    True
  • Epigenetics studies heritable changes in gene expression that do not involve alterations to the DNA
  • What is the definition of heredity in the context of behavioral traits?
    Genetic information from parents
  • Genetics can directly influence temperament.

    True
  • What is the definition of environment in the context of behavioral development?
    External factors influencing development
  • Genes can indirectly influence behavior through physical traits.

    True
  • The interplay between biology and experience is crucial in determining who we are.

    True
  • Researchers compare identical twins, who share all their genes, to fraternal twins, who share about half their genes
  • Heredity shapes our biological traits and behaviors, while environment includes external factors such as cultural norms and nutritional factorsinteractions
  • Genes can interact with environmental factors to modify behavior, as seen when stress increases the risk of anxiety
  • What is the formula for calculating heritability?
    H^2 = \frac{\text{Genetic Variance}}{\text{Total Variance}}</latex>
  • Epigenetic changes can be inherited without altering the DNA sequence.
    True
  • How do genes directly influence behavior?
    Certain genes code for traits
  • Match the mechanism of gene-environment interaction with its description:
    Direct Genetic Effects ↔️ Certain genes directly code for specific traits
    Indirect Genetic Effects ↔️ Genes influence physical traits that affect behavior
    Gene-Environment Interaction ↔️ Genes interact with environmental factors to modify behavior
  • What is the effect of DNA methylation on gene expression?
    Silences gene expression