1.3.1 Ionic Bonding

• Ionic bonding is formed when electrons are transferred between atoms to create positive and negative ions
• What is the name of the force that holds ions together in ionic bonding?

  Electrostatic force
• What type of atom loses electrons in ionic bonding?

  Metal
• What type of bond involves the sharing of electrons?

  Covalent
• What happens to the ionization energy of a metal atom when it loses an electron?

  It decreases
• Ionic bonding results in the formation of oppositely charged ions.


  True
• In ionic bonding, the cation and anion are held together by electrostatic forces
• In ionic bonding, electrons are transferred from a metal atom to a nonmetal
• What are the resulting particles in ionic bonding?

  Oppositely charged ions
• What type of forces are described by Coulomb's Law?

  Electrostatic forces
• What charge does a cation have?

  Positive
• Match the property of ionic compounds with its explanation:

  High Melting Points ↔️ Significant energy to overcome electrostatic forces

  Electrical Conductivity ↔️ Mobile ions carry electrical charge

  Brittleness ↔️ Force displaces ions in the lattice
• Arrange the bond types in order of decreasing electrostatic forces:

  1️⃣ Ionic

  2️⃣ Metallic

  3️⃣ Covalent
• Ionic compounds conduct electricity in their solid state.

  False
• In ionic bonding, cations are positively charged ions.


  True
• What type of ions do metals form in ionic bonding?

  Cations
• Match the term with its description:

  Cation ↔️ Positively charged ion

  Anion ↔️ Negatively charged ion

  Electrostatic force ↔️ Attraction between opposite charges
• In ionic bonding, electrons are completely transferred
• Match the bond type with its mechanism:

  Ionic ↔️ Electron transfer

  Covalent ↔️ Electron sharing

  Metallic ↔️ Delocalized electrons
• What type of bond involves the complete transfer of electrons?

  Ionic
• What type of atoms gain electrons to form anions?

  Nonmetals
• What type of forces hold ions together in ionic compounds?

  Electrostatic forces
• Steps in the electron transfer process of ionic bonding

  1️⃣ Metal atom loses one or more electrons

  2️⃣ Nonmetal atom gains the lost electron(s)

  3️⃣ Positively charged cation and negatively charged anion are formed

  4️⃣ Electrostatic forces attract the oppositely charged ions
• Cations have a positive charge, while anions have a negative charge.
• Nuclear forces are the strongest type of forces.


  True
• Strong electrostatic forces in ionic bonds contribute to high melting points.


  True
• Ionic compounds conduct electricity when they are solid.

  False
• Ionic compounds generally have high melting and boiling points.
• Ionic bonding occurs when electrons are transferred from a metal to a non-metal atom.
• Match the bond type with its resulting particles:

  Ionic ↔️ Oppositely charged ions

  Covalent ↔️ Neutral molecules

  Metallic ↔️ Positive metal ions
• What happens to the charge of an atom when it loses an electron?

  Becomes positive
• The strong electrostatic attraction in ionic compounds results in high melting and boiling points.
• Oppositely charged ions in ionic compounds are attracted by electrostatic forces.
• Give an example of a cation.

  Na+
• Cations are negatively charged ions.

  False
• Electrostatic forces are the attractive or repulsive forces between electrically charged particles
• What type of bonding do electrostatic forces drive in ionic compounds?

  Ionic bonding
• Ionic compounds are brittle because applying force breaks ionic bonds and causes repulsion.

  True
• Calcium Oxide (CaO) is formed from the cation Ca2+ and the anion O2-.


  True
• In ionic bonding, electrons move from a metal to a nonmetal