2.2.3 Human Rights

• Human rights ensure every individual is treated with dignity and respect
• What type of education is everyone entitled to under human rights principles?

  Free primary education
• Arrange the following historical milestones in the development of human rights in chronological order.

  1️⃣ Magna Carta (1215)

  2️⃣ US Declaration of Independence (1776)

  3️⃣ Universal Declaration of Human Rights (1948)

  4️⃣ International Covenants (1966)

  5️⃣ Vienna Declaration (1993)
• The Universal Declaration of Human Rights was adopted by the United Nations in 1948.


  True
• What is considered the foundational document for international human rights law?

  Universal Declaration of Human Rights
• Enforcing human rights globally requires cooperation between countries and international organizations
• What are countries legally bound to if they ratify human rights treaties?

  Uphold outlined rights
• Which regional organization can hear individual complaints and rule on human rights abuses within its jurisdiction?

  European Court of Human Rights
• What is the term for countries prioritizing their own interests over universal human rights standards?

  National Sovereignty
• What are human rights defined as?

  Fundamental rights and freedoms
• Arrange the following historical milestones in the development of human rights in chronological order:

  1️⃣ Magna Carta (1215)

  2️⃣ US Declaration of Independence (1776)

  3️⃣ Universal Declaration of Human Rights (1948)

  4️⃣ International Covenants on Civil and Political Rights (1966)

  5️⃣ Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action (1993)
• The Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action in 1993 reaffirmed that human rights are universal, indivisible, and interdependent
• What key principle did the US Declaration of Independence in 1776 declare about human rights?

  All men are created equal
• What is the foundational document for international human rights, outlining basic rights that all people should enjoy?

  Universal Declaration of Human Rights
• The Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women (CEDAW) promotes gender equality.


  True
• Countries that ratify human rights treaties are legally bound to uphold the rights outlined in the treaties
• Regional human rights systems, such as the European Court of Human Rights, can hear individual complaints.


  True
• Cultural relativism argues that human rights cannot be universally applied because they are culturally specific.


  True
• The Flint Water Crisis demonstrates the link between environmental rights and human rights.


  True
• Human rights are inherent to all humans regardless of their background or beliefs.

  True
• Freedom of expression means individuals can express their opinions without censorship
• What does the right to healthcare ensure for all individuals?

  Access to healthcare services
• The US Declaration of Independence declared that all men are created equal with unalienable rights
• The Vienna Declaration in 1993 reaffirmed that human rights are universal, indivisible, and interdependent
• What is required of countries that ratify international human rights instruments?

  Implement them into national laws
• What role do monitoring bodies play in enforcing human rights?

  Investigate violations, issue recommendations
• Enforcing human rights globally requires cooperation between countries and international organizations.


  True
• Enforcement of human rights is challenged by issues like national sovereignty and lack of political will.


  True
• Insufficient resources in developing countries can hinder their ability to protect human rights.

  True
• Match the human right with its description:

  Right to Life ↔️ Protection from unjust death

  Freedom of Expression ↔️ Express opinions without censorship

  Right to Education ↔️ Free and compulsory primary education

  Equality before the Law ↔️ Fair treatment under the law
• The Universal Declaration of Human Rights was adopted by the United Nations in 1948.


  True
• The Magna Carta, signed in 1215, established the principle that everyone, including the monarch, is subject to the law
• The International Covenants on Civil and Political Rights, and on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights were adopted in 1966.

  True
• What two core rights are included in the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (ICESCR)?

  Education and healthcare
• What must countries do after ratifying international human rights instruments?

  Implement them into national laws
• What do monitoring bodies like UN committees do to enforce human rights?

  Monitor and investigate violations
• Why is national sovereignty a challenge to human rights enforcement?

  Countries prioritize own interests
• Which global case study highlights the persecution and forced displacement of the Rohingya minority in Myanmar?

  Rohingya Refugee Crisis
• What are human rights defined as?

  Fundamental rights and freedoms
• What does the right to life ensure for every person?

  Protection from unjust death