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AP Chemistry
Unit 1: Atomic Structure and Properties
1.5 Atomic Structure and Electron Configuration
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Cards (108)
Where are protons located within an atom?
In the nucleus
What is the key feature of the Bohr model?
Quantized energy levels
Atomic spectra are produced when electrons transition between energy
levels
.
Atomic structure
refers to the internal composition and organization of an
atom
What are the three fundamental subatomic particles?
Protons, neutrons, electrons
What is the central concept of the Bohr model?
Discrete energy levels
The Bohr model accurately describes the behavior of all atoms.
False
The principal quantum number determines the energy
level
The Pauli Exclusion Principle states that no two electrons in the same atom can have the same set of quantum
numbers
The Pauli Exclusion Principle states that no two electrons in the same atom can have the same set of quantum
numbers
What are the quantum numbers for Electron 1 in helium?
n=1, l=0, ml=0, ms=+1/2
Where are protons located in an atom?
In the nucleus
What does the Bohr model describe about electron orbits in an atom?
Electrons orbit in discrete energy levels
Hund's Rule states that electrons will first singly occupy degenerate orbitals with
parallel
spins before pairing up.
True
The Aufbau principle states that electrons fill
orbitals
from lowest to highest energy.
True
When filling degenerate orbitals, Hund's Rule states that electrons occupy each orbital singly before
pairing
What is the condensed electron configuration of Neon (Ne)?
[Ne]
What is the electron configuration of Hydrogen (H)?
1s¹
The condensed electron configuration of Iron (Fe) is [Ar] 4s²
3d⁶
.
True
The Pauli Exclusion Principle states that no two electrons can have the same set of
quantum
numbers.
The actual electron configuration of Chromium (Cr) is [Ar] 4s¹ 3d⁵ because a
half-filled
3d subshell is more stable.
True
The sum of protons and neutrons in an atom's nucleus is called its
mass
number.
What is the charge of a proton?
Positive (+1)
What type of charge do neutrons carry?
Neutral (0)
Which subatomic particle has a positive charge?
Proton
The atomic number of an element is determined by the number of protons in its nucleus.
True
Neutrons have a neutral charge and are located in the
nucleus
.
True
Order the steps involved in energy transitions in the Bohr model:
1️⃣ Electron absorbs energy
2️⃣ Electron jumps to a higher energy level
3️⃣ Electron emits energy
4️⃣ Electron returns to a lower energy level
What are the three fundamental particles that make up an atom?
Protons, neutrons, electrons
Protons are negatively charged particles.
False
Protons and neutrons reside within the
nucleus
When an electron moves to a higher energy level, it absorbs
energy
What are quantum numbers used to describe?
Electron state in an atom
What does the magnetic quantum number specify?
Orbital orientation
What must two electrons in the same orbital have in common?
Opposite spins
Match the quantum number with its description:
Principal Quantum Number (n) ↔️ Energy level (shell)
Angular Momentum Quantum Number (l) ↔️ Orbital shape
Magnetic Quantum Number (ml) ↔️ Spatial orientation
Spin Quantum Number (ms) ↔️ Electron spin
The two electrons in helium comply with the Pauli Exclusion Principle because they have
different
spins.
True
Match the subatomic particle with its properties:
Proton ↔️ +1 charge, in nucleus
Neutron ↔️ 0 charge, in nucleus
Electron ↔️ -1 charge, orbits nucleus
Electrons emit energy when they move to a lower
energy level
.
True
Steps for writing electron configurations according to the Aufbau Principle:
1️⃣ Fill orbitals from lowest to highest energy
2️⃣ Follow the Pauli Exclusion Principle
3️⃣ Apply Hund's Rule
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