1.2 Mass Spectroscopy of Elements

• What is the primary purpose of mass spectroscopy?

  Identify and quantify isotopes
• Lighter ions are deflected more by a magnetic field than heavier ions in mass spectroscopy.

  True
• Match the component of a mass spectrometer with its function:

  Ionization Chamber ↔️ Converts sample into ions

  Accelerator ↔️ Speeds up ions

  Magnetic Field ↔️ Deflects ions based on mass

  Detector ↔️ Measures ion abundance
• Isotopes of the same element have the same atomic number
• The average atomic mass is calculated using the formula: Average Atomic Mass = ∑(Isotope Mass × Relative Abundance)
• Match the component of a mass spectrometer with its function:

  Ionization Chamber ↔️ Converts sample into ions

  Accelerator ↔️ Speeds up ions

  Magnetic Field ↔️ Deflects ions by mass-to-charge ratio

  Detector ↔️ Measures ion abundance
• Isotopes of the same element have the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons
• What methods can be used for ionization in mass spectroscopy?

  Electron Impact or Chemical Ionization
• The base peak in a mass spectrum represents the most abundant ion.


  True
• Relative abundance is determined from the heights of the peaks in a mass spectrum.


  True
• Identifying the isotopes of an element and their masses is the first step in calculating average atomic mass.


  True
• What is the purpose of mass spectroscopy?

  Identify and quantify isotopes
• What does the mass spectrum in mass spectroscopy plot?

  Relative abundance vs mass-to-charge ratio
• What property do isotopes of the same element share?

  Atomic number
• Arrange the steps of mass spectroscopy with their corresponding components:

  1️⃣ Ionization with ionization source

  2️⃣ Acceleration with electric field

  3️⃣ Deflection with magnetic field

  4️⃣ Detection with detector
• Steps in the process of mass spectroscopy

  1️⃣ Ionization

  2️⃣ Acceleration

  3️⃣ Deflection

  4️⃣ Detection
• The detector in mass spectroscopy measures the abundance of each ion based on its mass-to-charge
• A mass spectrum plots the relative abundance of ions versus their mass-to-charge
• The molecular ion peak in a mass spectrum indicates the molecular weight
• Stages of mass spectroscopy in the correct order

  1️⃣ Ionization

  2️⃣ Acceleration

  3️⃣ Deflection

  4️⃣ Detection
• The formula for calculating average atomic mass is: Average Atomic Mass = ∑(Isotope Mass × Relative Abundance)
• Isotopes of the same element have the same atomic number but different mass numbers.


  True
• Why are lighter ions deflected more by a magnetic field in mass spectroscopy?

  Their mass-to-charge ratio is smaller
• The average atomic mass is calculated using the formula: ∑(Isotope Mass × Relative Abundance
• All ions in the acceleration step gain the same kinetic energy.


  True
• What does a mass spectrum plot?

  Relative abundance versus m/z
• What formula is used to calculate the average atomic mass of an element using mass spectroscopy data?

  $Average Atomic Mass =$$\sum(Isotope \, Mass \times Relative \, Abundance)$
• The formula for calculating average atomic mass is: Average Atomic Mass = ∑(Isotope Mass × Relative Abundance
• Steps to calculate average atomic mass using mass spectroscopy data:

  1️⃣ Identify the isotopes of the element and their masses

  2️⃣ Determine the relative abundance of each isotope from the mass spectrum

  3️⃣ Multiply the isotope mass by its relative abundance

  4️⃣ Sum the results to get the average atomic mass
• Stages of mass spectroscopy in the correct order:

  1️⃣ Ionization

  2️⃣ Acceleration

  3️⃣ Deflection

  4️⃣ Detection
• Isotopes have the same atomic number but different mass numbers.


  True
• In the ionization step, the sample is converted into positively charged ions
• The process of mass spectroscopy involves four main steps to identify and quantify different isotopes
• Which type of field deflects ions in mass spectroscopy?

  Magnetic field
• Match the step in mass spectroscopy with its function:

  Ionization ↔️ Converts sample to ions

  Acceleration ↔️ Speeds up ions

  Deflection ↔️ Separates ions by mass

  Detection ↔️ Measures ion abundance
• What is the base peak in a mass spectrum?

  Most abundant ion
• What can analyzing the peaks in a mass spectrum help determine?

  Molecular structure
• The average atomic mass of an element is determined based on the proportions of its naturally occurring isotopes.


  True
• Mass spectroscopy provides valuable insights into the composition and structure
• In the ionization stage of mass spectroscopy, the sample is converted into ions by losing electrons