7.3.1 Natural Selection

• Advantageous traits are characteristics that enhance an organism's ability to survive and reproduce
• Environmental factors such as competition and predation can act as selective pressures
• Match the selective pressure with its explanation:

  Competition ↔️ Organisms compete for limited resources

  Predation ↔️ Traits help avoid or defend against predators

  Climate ↔️ Organisms adapt to environmental conditions
• Organisms compete for limited resources like food, water, and mates
• Match the selective pressure with its explanation:

  Competition ↔️ Organisms compete for limited resources

  Predation ↔️ Organisms with defensive traits survive

  Climate ↔️ Organisms adapted to environmental conditions thrive

  Disease ↔️ Resistance to illness increases survival
• Arrange the key components of natural selection in the correct sequence:

  1️⃣ Variation in Traits

  2️⃣ Selective Pressure

  3️⃣ Survival and Reproduction

  4️⃣ Gradual Increase in Trait Frequency
• Mutations and sexual reproduction are two genetic sources of variation.


  True
• Organisms with traits that allow them to better acquire resources are more likely to survive.


  True
• Match the concept with its definition:

  Natural Selection ↔️ Process favoring advantageous traits

  Adaptation ↔️ Heritable trait enhancing survival
• Antibiotic resistance in bacteria is an example of natural selection driven by medical practices.


  True
• What are the steps in natural selection?

  1️⃣ Variation in traits among individuals

  2️⃣ Selective pressure favoring advantageous traits

  3️⃣ Survival and reproduction of individuals with advantageous traits

  4️⃣ Gradual increase in frequency of advantageous traits
• What are the sources of variation within a population?

  Genetic mutations and sexual reproduction
• Organisms adapted to the climate of their habitat are more likely to thrive.


  True
• Selective pressures act on the variation present in a population, favoring the survival and reproduction of individuals with advantageous traits.
• What causes variation in traits within a population?

  Genetic mutations and reproduction
• Match the type of variation with its source:

  Genetic Variation ↔️ Mutations

  Environmental Variation ↔️ Adaptation to conditions
• What is the difference between natural selection and adaptation?

  Natural selection is the process, adaptation is the trait
• What are two examples of natural selection in action?

  Industrial melanism and antibiotic resistance
• What is the definition of natural selection?

  Organisms with advantageous traits survive
• Charles Darwin developed the theory of natural selection.


  True
• Selective pressure refers to environmental factors that favor certain traits over others.


  True
• What is selective pressure?

  Environmental factors favoring traits
• What is the role of environmental pressures in natural selection?

  Drive survival and reproduction
• Natural selection leads to the gradual evolution of populations by favoring organisms with advantageous traits.


  True
• Selective pressure refers to environmental factors that favor certain traits
• How do selective pressures drive natural selection?

  By favoring certain traits
• Adaptations arise through natural selection as beneficial traits become more prevalent in a population.
• Industrial melanism in peppered moths demonstrates environmental changes driving selective pressure.