2.4.1 Sources of Variation

• Steps during meiosis that contribute to genetic variation

  1️⃣ Crossing over

  2️⃣ Independent assortment
• During meiosis, crossing over creates new combinations of alleles on chromosomes.
• Meiosis involves two key mechanisms: crossing over and independent assortment.
• Crossing over involves the exchange of genetic material between homologous chromosomes during meiosis.


  True
• Match the process with its mechanism:

  Crossing Over ↔️ Exchange of DNA between homologous chromosomes

  Independent Assortment ↔️ Random segregation of chromosome pairs
• Match the source of variation with its mechanism:

  Genetic ↔️ Mutations, meiosis, sexual reproduction

  Environmental ↔️ Changes in temperature, nutrition, toxins
• During meiosis, crossing over involves the exchange of genetic material between chromosomes
• What is the role of mutations in creating genetic variation?

  Introduces new alleles
• What is the outcome of crossing over during meiosis?

  New allele combinations
• What is genetic recombination during meiosis?

  Exchange of genetic material
• Match the process with its impact on genetic variation:

  Crossing Over ↔️ New allele combinations

  Independent Assortment ↔️ Diverse gamete compositions
• In which phase of meiosis does random assortment occur?

  Meiosis I metaphase
• What is variation within a population?

  Differences in characteristics
• Sexual reproduction combines genetic material from two parents, enhancing genetic variation.


  True
• Independent assortment during meiosis ensures each gamete receives a unique combination of chromosomes.


  True
• Steps during meiosis that contribute to genetic variation

  1️⃣ Crossing over

  2️⃣ Independent assortment
• Independent assortment during meiosis refers to the random distribution of chromosomes
• Arrange the phases of meiosis in order of genetic variation they contribute to:

  1️⃣ Meiosis I Metaphase

  2️⃣ Meiosis II
• Variation within a population refers to differences in characteristics
• Crossing over during meiosis creates new combinations of alleles on chromosomes.


  True
• Meiosis is the process of cell division that produces gametes
• Independent assortment is the random distribution of chromosomes into gametes
• Crossing Over involves the exchange of DNA between homologous chromosomes during prophase I of meiosis
• What ensures that no two offspring are genetically identical, unless they are twins?

  Genetic recombination
• An organism with three chromosome pairs can produce 8 different gamete combinations through random assortment.

  True
• The coloration of certain insects can be influenced by the temperature during their development.


  True
• Match the type of variation with its inheritance pattern:

  Genetic Variation ↔️ Inherited from parents

  Environmental Variation ↔️ Not directly inherited
• Mutations introduce new alleles into the gene pool.
• How do mutations contribute to genetic variation?

  Introduce new alleles
• What is the role of crossing over in meiosis?

  Creates new allele combinations
• Meiosis is the process of cell division that produces gametes
• The combination of crossing over and independent assortment results in gametes with diverse genetic compositions.


  True
• Environmental factors can modify existing traits in organisms.


  True
• Mutations in DNA can introduce new alleles into the gene pool.

  True
• Match the process with its effect on genetic variation:

  Crossing Over ↔️ New allele combinations on chromosomes

  Independent Assortment ↔️ Diverse genetic makeups in gametes
• Crossing over occurs between homologous chromosomes.


  True
• Gametes produced through meiosis have identical genetic compositions.

  False
• Independent assortment occurs during metaphase I of meiosis.


  True
• Random assortment refers to the random segregation of chromosomes during meiosis I
• What is the role of environmental factors in genetic variation?

  Modify existing traits