5.1.1 Communicable Diseases

• Communicable diseases are caused by pathogens and can be transmitted between people.


  True
• What do viruses require to replicate?

  Host cells
• What are non-communicable diseases caused by?

  Factors like genetics
• Bacteria are single-celled organisms that reproduce through binary fission
• Tuberculosis is an example of a communicable disease transmitted through airborne droplets
• Bacteria reproduce through binary fission.
• How do parasites obtain nutrients?

  From a host
• Tuberculosis is spread through the air.
• Innate immunity is highly specific to particular pathogens.

  False
• What is the role of memory cells in adaptive immunity?

  Long-term protection
• Regular handwashing is an example of a hygiene practice to prevent disease spread.
• Surveillance involves monitoring disease prevalence to detect outbreaks.
• Which vector transmits malaria to humans?

  Mosquito
• Match the disease type with its transmission mechanism:

  Foodborne ↔️ Contaminated food

  Waterborne ↔️ Contaminated water

  Airborne ↔️ Droplets in the air

  Vectors ↔️ Insects or animals
• Viruses contain both DNA and RNA as genetic material

  False
• Arrange the following transmission mechanisms in order of decreasing directness:

  1️⃣ Direct Contact

  2️⃣ Airborne

  3️⃣ Waterborne

  4️⃣ Foodborne

  5️⃣ Vectors
• Waterborne diseases are often caused by contaminated food.

  False
• What is the primary function of the skin in innate immunity?

  Physical barrier
• Adaptive immunity responds immediately to pathogens.

  False
• What is the purpose of vaccination in disease prevention?

  Build immunity
• Public health initiatives educate communities on prevention measures.


  True
• Measles is a viral disease that can be prevented by vaccination.

  True
• Communicable diseases are caused by pathogens such as bacteria, viruses, fungi, or parasites
• Order the types of pathogens from smallest to largest based on size:

  1️⃣ Viruses

  2️⃣ Bacteria

  3️⃣ Fungi

  4️⃣ Parasites
• What is direct contact an example of in disease transmission?

  Physical touch
• What type of organism are bacteria classified as?

  Single-celled organisms
• Fungi have cell walls made of chitin.
• What is an example of a disease spread through direct contact?

  Skin infections
• The body's immune response is divided into innate and adaptive immunity.
• B cells produce antibodies to neutralize pathogens.
• Match the immunity type with its characteristic:

  Innate Immunity ↔️ Non-specific and immediate

  Adaptive Immunity ↔️ Specific and delayed
• What is the goal of contact tracing in disease control?

  Identify infected contacts
• Tuberculosis is commonly spread through airborne transmission.
• Match the communicable disease with its causative agent:

  Influenza ↔️ Virus

  Cholera ↔️ Bacteria

  Malaria ↔️ Parasite
• Match the type of disease with its cause:

  Communicable Diseases ↔️ Pathogens

  Non-Communicable Diseases ↔️ Genetic or lifestyle factors
• Fungi have cell walls made of chitin and reproduce through spores.


  True
• What type of pathogen is responsible for HIV?

  Virus
• Within what type of cells do viruses replicate?

  Host cells
• Match the transmission mechanism with its description:

  Direct Contact ↔️ Physical touch, kissing

  Airborne ↔️ Via droplets or aerosols

  Waterborne ↔️ Spread through contaminated water

  Vectors ↔️ Insects carry pathogens
• Which insect is a common vector for malaria?

  Mosquito