2.3.3 Patterns of Inheritance

• What is an example of a dominant trait mentioned in the material?

  Huntington's disease
• Who developed the principles of Mendelian genetics?

  Gregor Mendel
• Dominant alleles mask recessive alleles in Mendelian genetics.

  True
• Match the feature with the correct type of trait:

  Expressed with one dominant allele ↔️ Dominant trait

  Masked by a dominant allele ↔️ Recessive trait
• What is an example of a dominant trait?

  Huntington's disease
• What is a Punnett square used to visualize in a monohybrid cross?

  Genotypes and phenotypes
• The genotype ratio in a dihybrid cross is 1:2:1.

  False
• What is an example of a trait that follows recessive inheritance?

  Cystic fibrosis
• Traits located on the X or Y chromosome are examples of sex-linked
• What does the Law of Segregation state?

  Each allele pair separates
• What is the phenotype ratio in a cross between a heterozygous parent (Aa) and a homozygous recessive parent (aa)?

  3 dominant : 1 recessive
• Give an example of a dominant trait.

  Huntington's disease
• A dihybrid cross uses a 4x4 Punnett square.
• In codominance, both alleles for a trait are equally expressed.
• What is an example of incomplete dominance?

  Pink flowers from red and white parents
• Females have XX chromosomes, while males have XY chromosomes.


  True
• In a cross between a carrier female for hemophilia and a healthy male, 50% of the males will be affected.

  True
• A trait is expressed in dominant inheritance if the individual has at least one dominant allele
• A trait is expressed in recessive inheritance only if the individual has two recessive alleles
• The Law of Independent Assortment states that genes for different traits are inherited independently
• What is an example of a recessive trait mentioned in the material?

  Cystic fibrosis
• Dominant traits are masked by recessive alleles.

  False
• A recessive trait is expressed if an individual inherits one dominant and one recessive allele.

  False
• A dihybrid cross involves the crossing of organisms that differ in two genetic traits
• Arrange the following patterns of inheritance from simplest to most complex:

  1️⃣ Dominant inheritance

  2️⃣ Recessive inheritance

  3️⃣ Autosomal inheritance

  4️⃣ Sex-linked inheritance
• The Law of Segregation states that each gamete carries two alleles per gene.

  False
• Mendelian genetics is based on Gregor Mendel's experiments with pea plants.
• The expressed physical trait of an organism is called its phenotype.
• Dominant traits are expressed when an individual inherits at least one dominant allele.
• What is the phenotype ratio in a monohybrid cross between two heterozygous parents?

  3 dominant : 1 recessive
• The phenotype ratio in a dihybrid cross is 9:3:3:1.


  True
• In incomplete dominance, alleles blend to produce an intermediate phenotype.


  True
• Gender determination in humans is controlled by the X and Y chromosomes.
• Carrier females for hemophilia have the genotype XHXh.
• What are patterns of inheritance?

  Ways genetic traits pass down
• In dominant inheritance, the dominant allele masks the recessive allele.


  True
• The Law of Segregation states that allele pairs separate during gamete formation.


  True
• Dominant traits are expressed if an individual inherits at least one dominant allele
• When is a recessive trait expressed in an individual?

  Two recessive alleles
• Dominant traits are expressed if an individual inherits at least one dominant allele