4.2.2 Applications

• Genetically engineered bacteria are used to produce human insulin for treating diabetes
• Match the medical application with its description:

  Insulin production ↔️ Genetically engineered bacteria produce human insulin

  Vaccine production ↔️ Engineered viruses and bacteria create vaccines

  Gene therapy ↔️ Faulty genes are replaced with healthy ones

  Monoclonal antibodies ↔️ Genetically engineered cells produce antibodies
• Steps involved in enhancing nutrition in crops through genetic engineering:

  1️⃣ Identify nutritional deficiency

  2️⃣ Modify crop genes to produce vitamins

  3️⃣ Test nutritional content

  4️⃣ Cultivate enriched crops
• What is the role of genetically engineered bacteria in insulin production?

  To produce human insulin
• What is the primary goal of biofuel production using genetic engineering?

  Reduce fossil fuel reliance
• Monoclonal antibodies are used for cancer treatment and diagnosis.


  True
• Herbicide tolerance in crops makes weed control easier.


  True
• Which enzyme is produced by genetically engineered microorganisms for starch hydrolysis?

  Amylase
• Match the environmental applications of genetic engineering with their descriptions:

  Bioremediation ↔️ Breaks down pollutants in soil and water.

  Biosensors ↔️ Detects pollutants rapidly and accurately.

  Biofuel Production ↔️ Reduces reliance on fossil fuels.
• Genetic engineering can be used to create vaccines by inserting viral genes into bacteria or yeast.


  True
• Genetic engineering in agriculture enhances crop yield, pest resistance, and nutritional content
• What enzyme is produced by genetically engineered microorganisms for starch hydrolysis?

  Amylase
• Bioremediation uses genetically engineered microorganisms to break down contaminants in soil and water
• Genetically engineered bacteria are used to produce human insulin
• Match the medical applications of genetic engineering with their descriptions:

  Insulin Production ↔️ Genetically engineered bacteria produce human insulin.

  Vaccine Production ↔️ Engineered viruses and bacteria create vaccines.

  Gene Therapy ↔️ Faulty genes are replaced with healthy ones.

  Monoclonal Antibodies ↔️ Genetically engineered cells produce antibodies.
• Enhanced nutrition in crops addresses vitamin and mineral deficiencies
• PHA bioplastics are produced by genetically modified E. coli.


  True
• What is a major drawback of drug discovery using genetic engineering?

  High cost
• What is genetic engineering?

  Manipulating an organism's genes
• What genetic disorder can gene therapy treat?

  Cystic fibrosis
• How does genetic engineering enhance pest resistance in crops?

  Produces toxins to kill insects
• Bioremediation uses genetically engineered microorganisms to break down contaminants in soil and water.
• Biosensors employ engineered cells to detect pollutants rapidly.


  True
• What is the purpose of gene therapy in medicine?

  Replace faulty genes
• What is the primary benefit of pest resistance in genetically engineered crops?

  Reduces pesticide use
• Steps to improve crop performance using genetic engineering in agriculture:

  1️⃣ Modify crops for pest resistance

  2️⃣ Engineer crops for herbicide tolerance

  3️⃣ Enhance nutritional content

  4️⃣ Increase overall yield
• Bioremediation can be used to degrade hydrocarbons in oil spills
• Personalized medicine tailors treatments based on an individual's genetic profile