9.3 Cosmology

• Match the key concept with its description:

  Origin ↔️ How the universe began with the Big Bang theory

  Evolution ↔️ The development of the universe over time

  Structure ↔️ How galaxies and clusters are arranged
• What is the age of the universe according to the Big Bang theory?

  13.8 billion years
• What are the two mysterious components that make up most of the universe?

  Dark matter and dark energy
• The Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation (CMB) is a crucial source of evidence for the early universe
• Arrange the key concepts in cosmology in a logical order of understanding:

  1️⃣ Origin of the universe with the Big Bang

  2️⃣ Evolution of the universe over time

  3️⃣ Formation of galaxies and stars

  4️⃣ Accelerated expansion driven by dark energy
• What three aspects of the universe does cosmology study?

  Origin, evolution, structure
• What role does dark energy play in the universe?

  Drives accelerated expansion
• What type of spectrum does the Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation (CMB) have?

  Near-perfect blackbody
• Arrange the phases of the early universe in chronological order:

  1️⃣ Planck Era

  2️⃣ Inflation

  3️⃣ Nucleosynthesis

  4️⃣ Recombination
• Cosmology studies the Big Bang theory, Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation, and Dark Matter.


  True
• What is the Standard Model of Cosmology used for?

  Understanding the universe
• The Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation (CMB) provides evidence for the Big Bang Theory.

  True
• The redshift of light from distant galaxies supports the Big Bang model.


  True
• During Nucleosynthesis, light elements like hydrogen, helium, and lithium were formed
• The Big Bang Theory posits that the universe began in a hot, dense state and has been expanding for 13.8 billion years
• The cosmic web is the large-scale distribution of matter in the universe, with galaxies and galaxy clusters concentrated along filaments and sheets
• One scenario for the future of the universe is the Big Crunch, where expansion reverses and the universe collapses.
• In the Big Crunch scenario, the universe's expansion slows down and eventually leads to a collapse
• Cosmology is the study of the origin, evolution, and structure
• Dark matter is a form of matter that does not interact with light
• What light elements were formed during the nucleosynthesis phase of the early universe?

  Hydrogen, helium, lithium
• The Big Bang theory explains the origin of the universe from an extremely hot and dense state.


  True
• Dark matter interacts with light, making it visible in telescopes.

  False
• The Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation provides evidence about the early universe.


  True
• Match the key concept with its description:

  Big Bang Theory ↔️ The prevailing model for the universe's origin

  Dark Matter ↔️ Does not interact with light but affects gravity

  Dark Energy ↔️ Drives the universe's accelerated expansion
• Dark energy causes the universe to contract.

  False
• Dark matter does not interact with light but affects gravity
• The Big Bang theory suggests the universe began about 13.8 billion years ago.


  True
• Dark matter is matter that does not interact with light but affects gravity
• Which light elements formed during Big Bang nucleosynthesis?

  Hydrogen, helium, lithium
• What major event occurred during the Recombination phase?

  Atoms formed
• What are the key components of the Standard Model of Cosmology?

  Big Bang, CMB, Dark Matter, Dark Energy
• Dark Energy composes about 68% of the universe's energy-density and drives its accelerated expansion
• What happened during the Planck Era?

  Formation of space-time
• What does the term "redshift" refer to in cosmology?

  Shift in light wavelength
• What do galaxy clusters consist of?

  Groups of galaxies
• Dark Energy drives the accelerated expansion of the universe.

  True
• What are the two main scenarios proposed for the future of the universe?

  Big Crunch and Big Freeze
• What is the primary factor determining the ultimate fate of the universe?

  Dark energy
• The evolution of the universe includes the formation of galaxies and stars.


  True