2.3.3 The Reign of Louis XIV

• Louis XIV received a thorough education in statecraft, law, and military strategy
• What languages did Louis XIV learn during his education?

  Latin, Italian, Spanish
• What strategies did Cardinal Mazarin use to consolidate royal power during Louis XIV's early reign?

  Political maneuvering, financial reforms
• Events in Louis XIV's early life that shaped his views on absolute monarchy.

  1️⃣ Grew up during the Fronde

  2️⃣ Witnessed power struggles between nobility and the crown

  3️⃣ Developed an interest in arts and culture
• Louis XIV was tutored by Cardinal Mazarin, who taught him the art of diplomacy and political maneuvering
• Under Louis XIV, the decentralized system of power was replaced by a centralized system with the king as the absolute ruler
• Louis XIV's tutor, Cardinal Mazarin, taught him the art of diplomacy and political maneuvering
• The Fronde was a series of uprisings by noble factions during Louis XIV's early reign.


  True
• Louis XIV's bureaucratic reforms included the establishment of a professional civil service.


  True
• Before Louis XIV, France had a decentralized system of government with power divided among the crown, nobility, and regional authorities.


  True
• Louis XIV's mercantilist policies strengthened the French state and economy during his reign.

  True
• What document granted religious freedoms to Protestants in 1598?

  Edict of Nantes
• Louis XIV's expansionist foreign policy led to the annexation of territories like Alsace and parts of the Spanish Netherlands
• Louis XIV pursued an expansionist foreign policy to increase French influence in Europe.


  True
• Louis XIV succeeded in establishing complete French hegemony in Europe.

  False
• Cardinal Mazarin continued Richelieu's work to consolidate royal power
• Louis XIV appointed intendants as representatives of the crown in each province.
• Cardinal Mazarin taught Louis XIV the art of diplomacy and political maneuvering.


  True
• Louis XIV became King of France at the age of 5 after his father's death.


  True
• Cardinal Mazarin's efforts sparked the Fronde, a series of uprisings by noble factions.

  True
• Louis XIV's centralization of power and bureaucracy allowed him to exert greater control over the kingdom.


  True
• What financial reforms did Cardinal Mazarin implement to increase state revenue?

  New tax policies
• What was the key difference between the government structure before and during Louis XIV's reign?

  Decentralized to centralized
• Under Louis XIV, the French monarchy underwent a process of centralization of government
• One key mercantilist policy was protectionism, which involved high tariffs and trade barriers
• Compare mercantilism with modern economic theories:

  1️⃣ Emphasis on state power and wealth accumulation

  2️⃣ Protectionism and trade barriers

  3️⃣ Colonies as sources of raw materials and markets

  4️⃣ Monopolies and state control of trade
• What were Protestants in France called who faced persecution under Louis XIV?

  Huguenots
• Louis XIV's religious intolerance was driven by his desire to assert the dominance of Catholicism
• Order the rival powers that Louis XIV's France engaged with in prolonged wars.

  1️⃣ Dutch

  2️⃣ Spanish

  3️⃣ Holy Roman Empire
• The long and inconclusive wars under Louis XIV contributed to growing resentment against French ambitions
• Growing up during the Fronde shaped Louis XIV's views on the importance of absolute monarchy.


  True
• Louis XIV centralized government power by reducing the influence of the nobility and regional authorities.


  True
• Mercantilism under Louis XIV aimed to maximize exports and minimize imports to increase state wealth.

  True
• What was the dominant economic policy pursued by Louis XIV's government?

  Mercantilism
• What were some of the key mercantilist policies implemented by Louis XIV?

  Protectionism, subsidies, monopolies
• What was the name of the edict that Louis XIV revoked in 1685, ending religious tolerance in France?

  Edict of Nantes
• What was the primary goal of Louis XIV's foreign policy?

  Increase French power
• Louis XIV's military campaigns succeeded in establishing French hegemony over Europe.

  False
• Louis XIV's patronage of the arts helped to elevate the status of the French language and literature.


  True
• Louis XV became king at the age of 5 after the death of Louis XIV.


  True