3.1.12.1 Brønsted-Lowry Acids and Bases

• In the reaction HCl + NH3 ⇌ NH4+ + Cl-, NH4+ is the conjugate acid and Cl- is the conjugate base.


  True
• The conjugate acid of H2O is H3O+
• Match the characteristic with the correct type of acid:

  Produce H+ ions in aqueous solution ↔️ Arrhenius Acids

  Donate protons (H+) ↔️ Brønsted-Lowry Acids
• Arrhenius acids require aqueous solutions to produce H+ ions, whereas Brønsted-Lowry acids can donate protons in any solvent.


  True
• Arrhenius bases produce OH- ions in aqueous solutions, while Brønsted-Lowry bases accept protons in any solvent.

  True
• A Brønsted-Lowry acid is a substance that accepts protons.

  False
• Match the proton donor with the proton acceptor in the following examples:

  HCl ↔️ NH3

  NH4+ ↔️ H2O
• Match the example with the correct type of acid:

  HCl ↔️ Arrhenius and Brønsted-Lowry

  NH4+ ↔️ Brønsted-Lowry only
• Match the example with the correct type of base:

  NaOH ↔️ Arrhenius and Brønsted-Lowry

  H2O ↔️ Brønsted-Lowry only
• Arrhenius bases produce OH- ions in aqueous solutions, while Brønsted-Lowry bases accept protons.
• Conjugate acid-base pairs differ by one proton
• Brønsted-Lowry acids can donate protons in any solvent
• Arrange the components of the example reaction: HCl + NH3 ⇌ NH4+ + Cl- according to their roles in the Brønsted-Lowry theory.

  1️⃣ HCl (acid)

  2️⃣ NH3 (base)

  3️⃣ NH4+ (conjugate acid)

  4️⃣ Cl- (conjugate base)
• Give an example of an Arrhenius acid.

  HCl
• Match the characteristic with the correct type of base:

  Produce OH- ions in aqueous solution ↔️ Arrhenius Bases

  Accept protons (H+) ↔️ Brønsted-Lowry Bases
• Proton donors in Brønsted-Lowry reactions are always bases.

  False
• What is the conjugate base of H2O?

  OH-
• In the reaction HCl + H2O ⇌ H3O+ + Cl-, which substance is the proton donor?

  HCl
• A Brønsted-Lowry acid is a substance that donates protons
• A Brønsted-Lowry base is a substance that accepts protons
• Brønsted-Lowry acids can donate protons in any solvent, unlike Arrhenius acids which require aqueous solutions.

  True
• Proton donors are Brønsted-Lowry acids, and proton acceptors are Brønsted-Lowry bases.


  True
• Match the acid with its conjugate base:

  HCl ↔️ Cl-

  H2O ↔️ OH-
• What is the conjugate base of HCl?

  Cl-
• Brønsted-Lowry acids can donate protons in any solvent.

  True
• Arrhenius acids are defined as substances that produce H+ ions in aqueous solution.
• Give an example of a Brønsted-Lowry base.

  H2O
• What is the definition of a proton donor?

  Substance that donates H+
• Arrange the components of the reaction: HCl + NH3 ⇌ NH4+ + Cl- according to their roles in forming conjugate acid-base pairs.

  1️⃣ HCl (acid) forms Cl- (conjugate base)

  2️⃣ NH3 (base) forms NH4+ (conjugate acid)
• Brønsted-Lowry bases require aqueous solutions to accept protons.

  False
• Arrhenius bases produce OH- ions in aqueous solution.
• Match the acid or base with its conjugate pair:

  HCl ↔️ Cl-

  NH3 ↔️ NH4+

  H2O ↔️ OH-
• In the reaction HCl + H2O ⇌ H3O+ + Cl-, H2O acts as a proton acceptor.


  True