1.1.1 Cell Structure

• What is the basic structural and functional unit of all living organisms?

  A cell
• Match the cell type with its defining feature:

  Prokaryotic Cell ↔️ Absent nucleus

  Eukaryotic Cell ↔️ Present organelles

  Bacteria ↔️ Example of prokaryotic cell

  Animal Cell ↔️ Example of eukaryotic cell
• Arrange the components of a plant cell based on their function, starting with energy production.

  1️⃣ Chloroplasts conduct photosynthesis

  2️⃣ Mitochondria produce energy

  3️⃣ Vacuole stores water and nutrients

  4️⃣ Cytoplasm is the site of metabolic processes

  5️⃣ Cell Wall provides support
• The cell membrane regulates the entry and exit of substances
• Which two components present in plant cells are absent in animal cells?

  Cell wall and chloroplasts
• What are the key components of a plant cell?

  Nucleus, Cell Wall, Membrane
• What is the main difference between vacuoles in plant and animal cells?

  Size and number
• Animal cells lack chloroplasts and a cell wall, which are present in plant cells

  True
• Animal cells have smaller vacuoles compared to the large central vacuole in plant cells


  True
• What is the composition of the cell wall in plant cells?

  Cellulose
• The cell membrane is composed of a phospholipid bilayer with embedded proteins
• The cell membrane is essential for maintaining the cell's internal environment.

  True
• What is a cell defined as?

  Basic structural and functional unit
• Prokaryotic cells lack membrane-bound organelles
• Which organelle in plant cells conducts photosynthesis?

  Chloroplasts
• Match the animal cell component with its function:

  Nucleus ↔️ Controls cell activities and contains DNA

  Mitochondria ↔️ Produce energy for the cell

  Golgi Apparatus ↔️ Packages and distributes cell products
• Animal cells lack a cell wall and chloroplasts, which are found in plant cells.


  True
• Both plant and animal cells contain mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, and Golgi apparatus.

  True
• Animal cells have a large central vacuole for storage.

  False
• The Golgi apparatus packages and distributes cell products
• Mitochondria are often referred to as the powerhouses of the cell
• What material is the cell wall in plant cells made of?

  Cellulose
• Mitochondria have a unique double membrane structure with folds called cristae
• Match the organelle with its function:

  Endoplasmic Reticulum ↔️ Transports materials

  Golgi Apparatus ↔️ Packages cell products
• What is the basic structural and functional unit of all living organisms?

  A cell
• What is the process by which cells obtain and use energy?

  Metabolism
• Match the cell type with its features:

  Prokaryotic Cells ↔️ No membrane-bound organelles

  Eukaryotic Cells ↔️ Linear DNA in nucleus
• Eukaryotic cells are more structurally complex than prokaryotic cells.


  True
• Which organelle in plant cells conducts photosynthesis?

  Chloroplasts
• The cytoplasm in animal cells is the site of metabolic processes
• Mitochondria in both plant and animal cells produce energy through cellular respiration
• What process do mitochondria use to produce energy?

  Cellular respiration
• What does the nucleus control within the cell?

  Cell's activities
• What type of molecule forms the base of the cell membrane?

  Phospholipid bilayer
• What material makes up the rigid structure of the cell wall?

  Cellulose
• Steps in ATP production within mitochondria

  1️⃣ Glucose is broken down

  2️⃣ Electron transport chain

  3️⃣ ATP synthesis
• Match the organelle with its primary function:

  Golgi Apparatus ↔️ Packaging and distribution

  Endoplasmic Reticulum ↔️ Transport and synthesis
• What do vacuoles store in both plant and animal cells?

  Water, nutrients, waste
• Cells reproduce by dividing to create new cells
• Prokaryotic cells lack a true nucleus