1.4.2 Effects of regular training on body systems

• Blood redistribution during exercise shifts blood flow from inactive areas to active muscles.


  True
• Regular exercise helps lower blood pressure in the long term.


  True
• The stress of exercise stimulates the strengthening of bones.

  True
• What happens to bone density as a long-term effect of exercise?

  Increases
• What happens to ventilation during exercise?

  Increases
• Regular exercise improves blood flow by increasing the number of capillaries.


  True
• Blood redistribution during exercise ensures blood flow to active muscles.


  True
• Short-term effects of exercise on the cardiovascular system

  1️⃣ Increased heart rate

  2️⃣ Increased stroke volume

  3️⃣ Blood redistribution to active muscles
• During exercise, ventilation increases to supply more oxygen
• Regular exercise can strengthen the immune system over time.


  True
• Regular exercise can strengthen the immune system over time, reducing the risk of illness
• Exercise increases stroke volume, meaning each heartbeat pumps more blood
• How does exercise affect blood pressure in the long term?

  It decreases
• Muscle hypertrophy is a long-term effect of repeated muscle contractions during exercise.

  True
• During exercise, stroke volume increases to improve circulation
• What is the effect of regular exercise on resting heart rate?

  Reduces it
• What is the effect of repeated muscle contractions on muscle size?

  Muscle hypertrophy
• Muscle hypertrophy is the result of repeated muscle contractions.


  True
• Regular exercise has significant short-term and long-term effects on the respiratory system.


  True
• What is the long-term effect of exercise on blood pressure?

  Decreases it
• What is the effect of regular exercise on heart size?

  Increases it
• Regular exercise helps lower blood pressure.


  True
• The stress of exercise stimulates the strengthening of bones.


  True
• Exercise temporarily increases the number of white blood cells
• Exercise improves circulation, allowing immune cells to circulate more effectively.


  True
• What is one short-term effect of exercise on the cardiovascular system?

  Increased heart rate
• What happens to resting heart rate as a long-term effect of exercise?

  It decreases
• What occurs in muscles during short-term exercise?

  Muscle contraction
• How does regular stretching and movement improve flexibility in the musculoskeletal system?

  By increasing range of motion
• Regular stretching and movement can increase range of motion
• Increased ventilation during exercise supplies more oxygen to working muscles.
• Improved oxygen efficiency is a long-term effect of exercise.


  True
• Increased growth hormone secretion promotes muscle growth.
• Enhanced immune function is a long-term benefit of exercise.

  True
• Consistent exercise lowers levels of stress hormones like cortisol.
• What happens to heart rate during short-term exercise?

  Increases
• Steps in the long-term effects of exercise on the cardiovascular system

  1️⃣ Increased heart size

  2️⃣ Reduced resting heart rate

  3️⃣ Decreased blood pressure

  4️⃣ Improved blood flow
• Improved blood flow from regular exercise is due to an increase in capillaries
• Regular stretching improves flexibility by increasing the range of motion in joints
• Regular stretching and movement can increase flexibility