1.3.3 Short-term effects of exercise

• What are short-term effects of exercise?

  Immediate and temporary changes
• Why does body temperature increase during exercise?

  Metabolism rises
• Match the short-term effect with its purpose:

  Sweating ↔️ Cools down the body

  Increased breathing rate ↔️ Increases oxygen intake

  Increased heart rate ↔️ Pumps more oxygenated blood
• What happens to the heart rate during exercise?

  It increases
• Deeper breathing during exercise further increases oxygen intake and removes carbon dioxide
• Match the effect with its description:

  Muscle fatigue ↔️ Tiredness due to energy depletion

  Muscle soreness ↔️ Micro-tears in muscle fibers
• Breathing rate increases during exercise to take in more oxygen and remove carbon dioxide.

  True
• During exercise, the respiratory system takes in more oxygen
• During exercise, stored carbohydrates like glycogen are used to produce energy
• What is enhanced in the nervous system during exercise to improve coordination and reaction time?

  Neural activity
• Match the recovery aspect with its description:

  Rest ↔️ Repairs muscle tissues

  Hydration ↔️ Prevents dehydration

  Nutrition ↔️ Restores glycogen levels

  Active Recovery ↔️ Improves circulation
• During exercise, the heart beats faster to supply more oxygen
• Prolonged use of muscles during exercise leads to fatigue
• Steps in the cardiovascular response to exercise:

  1️⃣ Increased heart rate

  2️⃣ Elevated breathing rate

  3️⃣ More oxygenated blood pumped

  4️⃣ Increased oxygen intake
• Elevated breathing rate increases oxygen intake and removes carbon dioxide.


  True
• What is the immediate effect of exercise on the muscular system?

  Muscle fatigue
• How does muscle soreness differ from muscle fatigue in terms of timing?

  Soreness is delayed
• Prolonged use of muscles during exercise leads to fatigue
• Deeper breathing during exercise increases oxygen intake and carbon dioxide removal.


  True
• An increased metabolic rate during exercise helps burn more calories to fuel physical activity.

  True
• The release of endorphins during exercise provides pain relief and enhances mood
• Elevated breathing rate during exercise increases oxygen intake and removes carbon dioxide.


  True
• Muscle soreness is caused by micro-tears in muscle fibers.

  True
• During exercise, elevated breathing rate helps remove carbon dioxide
• What are the two primary short-term effects on the respiratory system during exercise?

  Increased breathing rate and depth
• Delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS) peaks 24-48 hours after exercise.

  True
• Why does heart rate increase during exercise?

  To supply more oxygen
• What is pumped to working muscles during exercise to meet their increased oxygen demand?

  Oxygenated blood
• What causes muscle fatigue during exercise?

  Depletion of energy stores