2.3 Cell Division

• In single-celled organisms, cell division is the primary method of reproduction
• What are the two main mechanisms of cell division?

  Mitosis and meiosis
• What happens to the DNA during interphase?

  It replicates
• Why is mitosis essential for growth?

  Increases cell number
• During anaphase, sister chromatids are pulled to opposite poles
• Chromosomes become visible during prophase.


  True
• Arrange the key events of mitosis in the correct order:

  1️⃣ Chromosome condensation

  2️⃣ Chromosome alignment at metaphase plate

  3️⃣ Sister chromatid separation

  4️⃣ Nuclear envelope reformation
• Cell division enables sexual reproduction through the process of meiosis
• During metaphase, chromosomes align at the metaphase plate
• Sister chromatids separate during anaphase of mitosis.


  True
• Meiosis produces haploid cells for sexual reproduction.


  True
• Which type of cell division introduces genetic variation?

  Meiosis
• Meiosis II begins with the same number of chromosomes as the original parent cell.

  False
• Match the feature with the correct cell division process:

  Number of Divisions ↔️ Mitosis: One, Meiosis: Two

  Chromosome Number ↔️ Mitosis: Remains the same, Meiosis: Reduced by half

  Genetic Variation ↔️ Mitosis: No, Meiosis: Yes

  Daughter Cells ↔️ Mitosis: 2, Meiosis: 4
• Meiosis involves two main phases: Meiosis I and Meiosis II
• Two haploid cells are formed during Telophase I, each with half the original number of chromosomes
• The process of meiosis involves two main phases: Meiosis I and Meiosis II
• How many haploid daughter cells are formed at the end of meiosis II?

  Four
• How many daughter cells are produced in mitosis, and are they genetically identical or unique?

  Two identical cells
• What are the two types of cell division mentioned in the text?

  Mitosis and meiosis
• Mitosis is responsible for replacing damaged or worn-out cells.


  True
• What process enables the replacement of damaged or worn-out cells in organisms?

  Mitosis
• Why is cell division through mitosis and meiosis essential for living organisms?

  Growth, repair, and reproduction
• The stages of mitosis in the correct sequence:

  1️⃣ Interphase

  2️⃣ Prophase

  3️⃣ Metaphase

  4️⃣ Anaphase

  5️⃣ Telophase
• Meiosis reduces the chromosome number by half to produce haploid cells for sexual reproduction.


  True
• In Prophase I of meiosis, chromosomes pair up and crossing over occurs.
• In Anaphase I, homologous chromosomes separate and move to opposite poles.


  True
• What separates during Anaphase II?

  Sister chromatids
• What process in meiosis leads to genetic variation?

  Crossing over
• Cell division occurs through two main mechanisms: mitosis and meiosis
• Cell repair relies on the process of mitosis
• Growth in organisms relies on the process of mitosis
• During prophase, the nuclear envelope breaks
• Match the phase of mitosis with its key event:

  Prophase ↔️ Chromosomes condense

  Metaphase ↔️ Chromosomes align

  Anaphase ↔️ Sister chromatids separate

  Telophase ↔️ Nuclear envelope reforms
• The nuclear envelope reforms during telophase.


  True
• The nuclear envelope breaks down during prophase
• What are the two types of cell division in living organisms?

  Mitosis and meiosis
• What is the end result of mitosis?

  Two identical daughter cells
• What are two essential functions of mitosis in organisms?

  Growth and repair
• During which phase of mitosis do chromosomes decondense?

  Telophase