1.1.5 Structure of synovial joints

• The synovial membrane produces synovial fluid
• Ligaments are bands of tough connective tissue that provide joint stability
• Pivot joints allow rotational movement
• Where is the ball and socket joint located?

  Hip and shoulder
• Match the type of synovial joint with its movement and example:

  Ball and Socket ↔️ Flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, rotation | Hip and shoulder joints

  Hinge ↔️ Flexion and extension | Elbow and knee joints

  Pivot ↔️ Rotation | Neck and forearm joints

  Gliding ↔️ Sliding movements | Between vertebrae in the spine
• The joint capsule encloses and stabilises the joint
• Which movement is not allowed by a hinge joint?

  Rotation
• The synovial membrane produces synovial fluid.

  True
• Ligaments connect bones and provide stability to the joint.


  True
• Articular cartilage and synovial fluid work together to absorb shock
• Which type of synovial joint allows flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, and rotation?

  Ball and socket
• The synovial membrane produces synovial fluid to lubricate the joint.


  True
• Order the types of synovial joints based on their permitted movements, from most versatile to least versatile:

  1️⃣ Ball and Socket

  2️⃣ Saddle

  3️⃣ Condyloid

  4️⃣ Hinge

  5️⃣ Pivot

  6️⃣ Gliding
• The pivot joint allows rotation of the neck.


  True
• Match the type of synovial joint with its example:

  Ball and Socket ↔️ Hip

  Hinge ↔️ Elbow

  Pivot ↔️ Neck

  Gliding ↔️ Vertebrae
• Ligaments in synovial joints are located within the joint capsule.

  False
• Match the type of joint with its key feature:

  Synovial ↔️ Wide range of motion

  Fibrous ↔️ Limited movement

  Cartilaginous ↔️ Some movement
• Synovial joints are characterised by their unique structure, which includes the following key components
• What is the function of the joint capsule in a synovial joint?

  Stabilises the joint
• Which type of synovial joint allows flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, and rotation?

  Ball and socket
• Which type of synovial joint is found in the wrist?

  Condyloid
• The elbow and knee joints are examples of hinge joints.

  True
• What is the function of articular cartilage in synovial joints?

  Reduces friction
• What type of fluid reduces friction and nourishes cartilage in synovial joints?

  Synovial fluid
• Match the type of synovial joint with its movement and example:

  Condyloid ↔️ Flexion, extension, abduction, adduction | Wrist joint

  Saddle ↔️ Flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, rotation | Base of thumb

  Gliding ↔️ Sliding movements | Vertebrae in spine
• What type of tissue encloses and stabilises the joint?

  Joint capsule
• What is the main function of synovial joints?

  Movement
• Ligaments and the joint capsule provide stability to synovial joints.


  True
• What is the primary characteristic of synovial joints?

  Wide range of movement
• Match the synovial joint component with its function:

  Articular cartilage ↔️ Reduces friction

  Synovial fluid ↔️ Lubricates the joint

  Ligaments ↔️ Provide stability
• What is an example of a ball and socket joint?

  Hip joint
• Which joint allows flexion, extension, abduction, and adduction but no rotation?

  Condyloid joint
• What does articular cartilage do in synovial joints?

  Reduces friction
• What are the three key functions of synovial joints?

  Movement, cushioning, stability
• What is an example of a cartilaginous joint?

  Intervertebral disc
• Articular cartilage reduces friction in synovial joints.

  True
• Synovial fluid reduces friction and nourishes articular cartilage.

  True
• Hinge joints allow only flexion and extension movements.


  True
• Gliding joints allow sliding movements.


  True
• The neck and forearm joints are examples of pivot joints