1.9 Inorganic Ions

• Sodium ions (Na+) are essential for nerve impulse transmission
• Match the inorganic ion with its biological role:

  Phosphate ↔️ ATP synthesis, DNA structure

  Hydroxide ↔️ Maintains pH balance

  Hydrogen ↔️ pH regulation, energy production
• What is the role of phosphate ions (PO43-) in ATP synthesis?

  ATP synthesis
• Hydroxide ions (OH-) are essential for maintaining pH balance
• Chloride ions (Cl-) are a component of hydrochloric acid in the stomach
• Hydrogen ions (H+) play a role in both pH regulation and energy production
• Inorganic ions play crucial roles in processes like nerve impulse transmission and pH regulation.


  True
• Match the inorganic ion with its biological function:

  Chloride ↔️ Fluid balance

  Phosphate ↔️ ATP synthesis

  Hydroxide ↔️ pH balance
• Sodium ions are crucial for nerve impulse transmission and fluid balance
• What condition is associated with hyperkalemia?

  Cardiac arrhythmias
• What is the biological role of calcium ions (Ca2+)?

  Bone structure, muscle contraction
• Sodium ions (Na+) are involved in both nerve impulse transmission and fluid balance
• Sodium ions (Na+) play a role in fluid balance regulation.


  True
• Potassium ions (K+) are involved in muscle contraction.

  True
• Match the inorganic ion with its main biological function:

  Potassium ↔️ Muscle contraction

  Calcium ↔️ Bone structure

  Chloride ↔️ Fluid balance

  Phosphate ↔️ ATP synthesis

  Hydrogen ↔️ pH regulation
• What hormone regulates sodium, potassium, and calcium levels in the body?

  Aldosterone
• What is the main biological function of potassium ions?

  Muscle contraction
• Hydrogen ions are involved in pH regulation and energy production
• Transport proteins like Na+/K+ pumps use ATP to move ions against their concentration gradients.


  True
• What are the main inorganic ions in biological systems responsible for maintaining cell function and homeostasis?

  Sodium, potassium, calcium
• Chloride ions (Cl-) help maintain fluid balance
• Calcium ions (Ca2+) activate certain enzymes in biological systems.

  True
• Which inorganic ion contributes to bone structure and facilitates muscle contraction?

  Calcium
• What is the biological role of sodium ions (Na+) in nerve impulse transmission?

  Nerve impulse transmission
• Which inorganic ion is essential for nerve impulse transmission and fluid balance?

  Sodium
• Na+/K+ pumps use ATP to move ions against their concentration gradients.


  True
• Calcium ions are involved in bone structure and enzyme activation.


  True
• Inorganic ions are essential for maintaining cellular homeostasis.

  True
• Hypernatremia, caused by excessive sodium, can lead to dehydration
• Potassium ions (K+) play a role in muscle contraction.


  True
• Which inorganic ion is crucial for the production of hydrochloric acid in the stomach?

  Chloride
• The main inorganic ions in biological systems each serve specific biological functions
• Arrange the following main inorganic ions based on their biological functions:

  1️⃣ Sodium: Nerve impulse transmission, fluid balance

  2️⃣ Potassium: Nerve impulse transmission, muscle contraction

  3️⃣ Calcium: Bone structure, enzyme activation

  4️⃣ Chloride: Fluid balance, hydrochloric acid production

  5️⃣ Phosphate: ATP synthesis, DNA structure

  6️⃣ Hydroxide: pH balance

  7️⃣ Hydrogen: pH regulation, energy production
• Hydroxide ions (OH-) help maintain pH balance in biological systems.


  True
• Match the inorganic ion with its regulatory mechanism:

  Sodium ↔️ Na+/K+ pumps, aldosterone

  Calcium ↔️ Calcium channels, PTH

  Hydrogen ↔️ Buffering systems
• Sodium ions are essential for nerve impulse transmission
• Which inorganic ion maintains pH balance in biological systems?

  Hydroxide
• What biological function is associated with phosphate ions?

  ATP synthesis
• Match the calcium imbalance with its effect:

  Hypercalcemia ↔️ Kidney stones

  Hypocalcemia ↔️ Muscle spasms