Forces

• What is a scalar quantity?

  A number without direction
• What is a vector quantity?

  A number with direction
• What is the difference between mass and weight?

  Weight is mass times gravity
• How is weight measured?

  In Newtons
• How is mass measured?

  In kilograms
• What is the formula for weight?

  Weight = mass × gravity
• What happens to weight on different planets?

  Weight changes depending on gravity
• What is the formula for work?

  Work = Force × Distance
• How is work measured?

  In joules
• What does Hooke's Law describe?

  Relationship between force and extension
• What happens to a spring when weights are added?

  The length of the spring increases
• What is the limit of proportionality in Hooke's Law?

  Point where extension stops increasing linearly
• What is the formula for force in relation to a spring?

  Force = Spring constant × Extension
• What is kinetic energy's formula?

  Kinetic energy = 1/2 × mass × velocity²
• How is kinetic energy measured?

  In joules
• What does moment equal?

  Moment = Force × Distance
• How is moment measured?

  In Newton meters
• What happens if forces are unbalanced?

  They create a turning effect
• What is pressure?

  Pressure = Force / Area
• What are the units of pressure?

  Pascal
• What is the formula for pressure in terms of height?

  Pressure = Height × Density × Gravitational strength
• What is gravitational field strength on Earth?

  9.8 Newtons per kilogram
• What does a distance-time graph show?

  Relationship between distance and time
• What does a flat line on a distance-time graph indicate?

  No movement
• What does a velocity-time graph show?

  Relationship between velocity and time
• What does the area under a velocity-time graph represent?

  Distance traveled
• How do you calculate the area of a triangle on a graph?

  Area = 1/2 × Base × Height
• How do you calculate speed from a distance-time graph?

  Gradient = Distance / Time
• How do you calculate the area of a rectangle on a graph?

  Area = Base × Height
• What is acceleration's formula?

  Acceleration = Change in velocity / Time
• What does Newton's Cradle demonstrate?

  Principles of inertia and conservation of energy
• What is terminal velocity?

  Velocity when all forces are balanced
• What is the formula relating final and initial velocity?

  Final velocity² = Initial velocity² + 2 × Acceleration × Distance
• What is inertia?

  Object remains at rest or in motion
• What is the law of conservation of energy?

  Energy is never created or destroyed
• What is the formula for force?

  Force = Mass × Acceleration
• What affects thinking distance?

  Speed and reaction time
• What is stopping distance made up of?

  Thinking distance and braking distance
• What factors affect braking distance?

  Condition of tires, road, and weight
• What is momentum's formula?

  Momentum = Mass × Velocity