potential difference in series circuits

• What is meant by potential difference?

  It indicates energy transfer in a circuit
• How can we measure potential difference?

  Using a voltmeter
• What is another term for potential difference?

  Voltage
• What does a potential difference of one volt indicate?

  One Joule of energy per Coulomb of charge
• How do you connect a voltmeter to measure potential difference?

  Place it across the component
• What does a reading of 9 volts indicate about energy transfer?

  9 Joules of energy per Coulomb of charge
• Why are both lamps dimmer in a series circuit?

  Energy is shared between the two lamps
• How does the brightness of lamps in series compare to a single lamp?

  They are dimmer than a single lamp
• What is the total potential difference across two lamps in series?

  It equals the potential difference across the cell
• How does the potential difference affect the brightness of different lamps?

  Higher potential difference means brighter lamps