Localisation of function - The brain

• What is Wernicke's aphasia?

  producing nonsense words (neologisms) as part of the content of thier speech
• Where is Wernicke's area located and what is its function

  left temporal lobe responsible for language comprehension Damage may cause Wernicke's aphasia
• What is Broca's aphasia?

  slow, laborious speech that is lacking in fluency (TAN)
• Where is Broca's area located and what is its functions?


  A small area on the left side on the temporal lobe responsible for speech production Damage may cause Broca's aphasia
• where is the auditory area located and what is its function?

  temporal lobe analyse speech-based information

  • Damage may produce hearing loss
  • Damage to specific areas of the temporal lobe (Wernicke's area) may affect the ability to comprehend language
• Where is the Visual area located and what is its function?

  in the optical lobe ( at the back of the brain)

  • Each eye sends information from to the visual field (left to right/ right to left)
  • Damage to the left hemisphere may cause damage to eyesight in right eye
• Where is the somatosensory area located and what is its function?

  At the front of the parietal lobe and separated from the motor area by a Valley ( central sulcus )

  • Where sensory information from the skin is represented
  • The amount of somatosensory area devoted to a particular body part denotes its sensitivity
• Where is the Motor area located and what is its function?

  At the back of the frontal lobe (both hemispheres)controls voluntary movements in the opposite side of the brain

  - Damage may cause loss over fine movements
• what are 4 areas (lobes) of the brain?

  1. Frontal Lobe

  2. Parietal lobe

  3. Temporal Lobe

  4. Occipital
• What is the cerebral cortex?

  a 3mm layer covering the inner parts of the brain
• What is lateralization?

  the process in which certain functions are located more in one hemisphere than the other
• How is the brain divided?

  Into 2 symmetrical hemispheres (halves)

  - activity of the left side of the body is controlled buy the right hemisphere