TOPIC 8

Cards (41)

  • Blood is a tissue that has red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets and plasm
  • Red blood cells carry oxygen around the body.
  • Platelets are involved with clotting to stop bleeding when we get injured.
  • White blood cells engulf and produce antibodies
  • red blood cells don’t have nucleus for more oxygen space
  • Arteries carry blood away from the heart
  • arteries have : Thick walls, walls that are strong and elastic
  • Arteries carry oxygenated blood except pulmonary artery
  • Capillaries connect arteries and veins
  • capillaries are very narrow and the wall is one cell thick
  • Capillaries have permeable walls for substance to diffuse
  • Veins carry blood back to the heart
  • veins have thin walls and bigger lumen
  • Veins have valves to prevent back flow of blood
  • Veins carry deoxygenated blood except pulmonary vein
  • Right atrium is the pacemaker
  • More muscle on left side of heart to pump blood around the body
  • Cornary artery supplies oxygen to heart muscle
  • Aorta sends oxygenated blood around the body
  • vena cava receives deoxygenated blood
  • Faulty valves can be replaced by biological or mechanical valves
  • cardiac output = heart rate x stroke volume
  • heart rate is number of times it contracts per minute
  • Heart pumps blood in a double circulatory system
  • metabolism is the sum of all reactions in a cell or body
  • repeat experiment at different temperatures
  • the extra amount of oxygen required to remove all lactic acid from the cells is the oxygen debt
  • during exercise the heart rate, breathing rate and breathing volume increases
  • respiration is an exothermic reaction that releases energy for metabolic reactions
  • anaerobic respiration releases less energy
  • liver oxidises lactic acid and converts it back into glucose
  • soda lime absorbs carbon dioxide produced by organism
  • diffusion is the net movement of particles from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration
  • shorter diffuse distance, large surface area to volume ratio and increased concentration gradient
  • Plasma transports hormones, waste, cells and carbon dioxide
  • Anaerobic
    Glucose ---> Lactic acid
  • if surface area : volume ratio decreases the rate of diffusion slows down
  • Arteries have elastic fibers that stretch for blood to enter
  • Soda lime used in experiment to measure volume decrease when oxygen is getting used up
  • Temperature affects the rate of respiration and is an independent variable