AUDIOLOGY

• Energy is transferred as sound when particles vibrate against each other
• What type of wave is sound?

  Longitudinal
• Sound waves require particles to travel through.
• What is the substance called that a sound wave travels through?

  Medium
• Compare the arrangement of particles in solids, liquids, and gases.

  1️⃣ In solids, particles are touching.

  2️⃣ In liquids, particles are slightly farther apart.

  3️⃣ In gases, particles are far apart.
• Sound waves travel fastest through solids because vibrations are not stuck.
• Frequency measures how often a wave cycles per second
• What happened to the sound from the bell jar as air pressure decreased?

  It decreased
• What does the amplitude of a wave determine?

  Sound loudness
• The unit for measuring frequency is Hertz.
• Sound waves travel faster through solids because their particles are closer together.
• What type of fluid is custard an example of?

  Non-Newtonian
• What does the decibel scale measure?

  Sound intensity
• Sounds above 70dB are considered dangerous.
• The decibel scale is referred to as a logarithmic
• Match the ear structure with its function:

  Outer ear ↔️ Gathers sound waves

  Eardrum ↔️ Vibrates to transmit sound

  Ossicles ↔️ Amplify vibrations

  Cochlea ↔️ Converts vibrations to signals

  Auditory nerve ↔️ Sends signals to the brain
• Describe the steps in how our ear enables us to hear sound.

  1️⃣ Sound waves are collected by the outer ear.

  2️⃣ Vibrations are carried to the eardrum.

  3️⃣ The ossicles amplify vibrations.

  4️⃣ Vibrations are transmitted to the cochlea.

  5️⃣ The auditory nerve sends signals to the brain.
• Listening to music with headphones at high volume can damage your hearing.
• What is a cochlear implant?

  Electronic hearing device
• Some people oppose cochlear implants because they believe it changes their identity.
• When a sound wave is reflected, it produces an echo
• What is the substance called that a sound wave travels through?

  Medium
• Ultrasound waves have a frequency higher than humans can hear.
• What is one medical use of ultrasound waves?

  Treating kidney stones