aerobic & anaerobic respiration

• What is respiration primarily used for in organisms?

  To release energy from glucose
• What are the two types of respiration mentioned?

  Aerobic and anaerobic respiration
• What is cellular respiration described as?

  An exothermic reaction
• What does cellular respiration transfer energy from?

  From glucose
• What does the term "exothermic" mean in the context of respiration?

  It releases energy
• How do organisms use energy from respiration?

  • Build larger molecules from smaller ones (e.g., proteins)
  • Muscular contraction for movement
  • Maintain body temperature
• What is the most common type of respiration?

  Aerobic respiration
• When does aerobic respiration occur?

  When there is enough oxygen
• Where does aerobic respiration take place in cells?

  In mitochondria
• What is the word equation for aerobic respiration?

  Glucose + oxygen → carbon dioxide + water
• What is the chemical formula for glucose?

  C$_6$H$_{12}$O$_6$
• What is anaerobic respiration?

  Respiration without oxygen
• When do humans perform anaerobic respiration?

  When sprinting and oxygen is insufficient
• What is the word equation for anaerobic respiration in humans?

  Glucose → lactic acid
• Why is anaerobic respiration considered inefficient?

  Glucose is only partially broken down
• What is a toxic byproduct of anaerobic respiration in humans?

  Lactic acid
• What is the word equation for anaerobic respiration in plants and yeast?

  Glucose → ethanol + carbon dioxide
• What is fermentation in the context of yeast?

  Anaerobic respiration producing ethanol
• How is fermentation utilized in industry?

  • Yeast is added to bread for CO$_2$ production
  • CO$_2$ creates air pockets, making bread fluffy
  • Yeast is used to produce beer and wine