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Paper 2
Organic Chemistry
Cracking
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Created by
Micah Njoroge
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Cards (17)
What is meant by cracking in chemistry?
Breaking down long chain
hydrocarbons
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What are the conditions for catalytic cracking?
High temperature and a
catalyst
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What is the general formula for alkanes?
C
n
H
2
n
+
2
C_nH_{2n+2}
C
n
H
2
n
+
2
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Why are long chain hydrocarbons not good fuels?
They are not very
flammable
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What is produced when cracking a long chain alkane?
Smaller
, more useful molecules
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What is an alkene?
A
hydrocarbon
with a
double bond
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How do alkenes differ from alkanes in terms of reactivity?
Alkenes are
more
reactive
than alkanes
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What test is used to identify alkenes?
Using
bromine
water
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What happens to bromine water when it reacts with an alkene?
It turns
colorless
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What is the importance of stating that bromine water turns colorless?
It
is
the
correct
observation
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How do you balance a chemical equation for cracking?
Ensure
carbon
and
hydrogen
atoms are equal
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If a cracking equation has 25 carbon and 52 hydrogen atoms on the left, how many are on the right?
Must equal
25
carbon and
52
hydrogen
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In a cracking reaction, if there are 40 carbon and 82 hydrogen atoms on the left, how many are in the first product?
33
carbon and
68
hydrogen atoms
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What are the two methods of cracking hydrocarbons?
Catalytic cracking
: uses high
temperature
and a catalyst
Steam cracking
: uses high temperature and steam
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What are the uses of alkenes?
Used to make
polymers
Serve as starting materials for other
chemicals
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What are the key features of alkanes?
General formula
:
C
n
H
2
n
+
2
C_nH_{2n+2}
C
n
H
2
n
+
2
Only single
covalent
bonds between
carbon
atoms
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Why is cracking necessary in the oil industry?
Converts long
chain
hydrocarbons
into shorter, more useful fuels
Meets high demand for short chain hydrocarbons
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