1.1.3 Series and Parallel Circuits

• What is the definition of a series circuit?

  Components connected end-to-end
• What is the purpose of a power source in a circuit?

  Provides electrical energy
• What happens to the voltage in a series circuit?

  Divided across components
• What happens to the resistance in a series circuit?

  Adds up
• In a parallel circuit, the voltage is the same for all components
• If one component fails in a parallel circuit, the other parts continue to function.
• In a series circuit, the voltage is divided across components.
• Conductors in a circuit allow electrical current to flow
• What happens to the current in a series circuit?

  It remains constant
• What happens to the voltage in a series circuit?

  It is divided
• In an electrical circuit, components can be connected in two main ways: series or parallel
• In a parallel circuit, the current divides up between the different components
• Match the component with its function:

  Power source ↔️ Provides electrical energy

  Conductors ↔️ Allow current to flow

  Switches ↔️ Control current flow

  Loads ↔️ Convert electrical energy
• In a parallel circuit, the current is constant throughout.

  False
• What happens to the current in a parallel circuit?

  Divided across components
• The overall resistance in a parallel circuit is reduced
• In a parallel circuit, the voltage is the same across all components
• What is the function of a power source in a circuit?

  Provides electrical energy
• If one component fails in a parallel circuit, the whole circuit breaks.

  False
• The current in a series circuit is the same through all components
• The voltage in a parallel circuit remains constant across all components
• In a parallel circuit, if one component fails, the other parts continue to function
• In a parallel circuit, the voltage remains constant
• What is the formula for calculating the total resistance in a series circuit?

  $R_\text{total} =$$R_{1} +$$R_{2} +$$\dots +$$R_{n}$
• Match the circuit type with its properties:

  Series Circuits ↔️ Same current for all components

  Parallel Circuits ↔️ Same voltage for all components
• In a series circuit, the current is the same through each component.
• Arrange the characteristics of series and parallel circuits based on their differences:

  1️⃣ Voltage in series circuits is divided

  2️⃣ Current in series circuits is the same

  3️⃣ Resistance in series circuits adds up

  4️⃣ One failure in series breaks the entire circuit

  5️⃣ Voltage in parallel circuits remains constant

  6️⃣ Current in parallel splits between branches

  7️⃣ Resistance in parallel is reduced
• In a series circuit, the voltage is divided across the different components
• In a series circuit, the voltage is divided
• In a parallel circuit, components are connected to the same set of terminals
• If one component fails in a parallel circuit, the other parts continue to function.
• In a series circuit, the current is calculated using I = \frac{V_\text{total}}{R_\text{total}}</latex>, where $V_\text{total}$ is the total voltage
• Order the key properties of series and parallel circuits:

  1️⃣ Total Resistance: Series = $R_\text{total} =$$R_{1} +$$R_{2}$ ||| Parallel = $\frac{1}{R_\text{total}} =$$\frac{1}{R_{1}} +$$\frac{1}{R_{2}}$

  2️⃣ Total Current: Series = $I_\text{total} =$$I_{1} =$$I_{2}$ ||| Parallel = $I_\text{total} =$$I_{1} +$$I_{2}$

  3️⃣ Voltage: Series = $V_\text{total} =$$V_{1} +$$V_{2}$ ||| Parallel = $V_\text{total} =$$V_{1} =$$V_{2}$
• If one component fails in a series circuit, the entire circuit breaks.
• If one component fails in a parallel circuit, the other parts continue to function.
• A single component failure in a parallel circuit can break the entire circuit.

  False
• How does current behave in a parallel circuit?

  It splits between branches
• In a series circuit, the current is the same through each component
• What happens to the voltage in a series circuit?

  It is divided
• What is the primary function of a power source in a circuit?

  Supplies electrical energy