Momentum and Impulse

• The momentum of an object can be calculated using the formula p = mv, where p represents momentum, m represents mass, and v represents velocity.
• Momentum is the product of mass and velocity.
• Momentum is conserved when there are no external forces acting on a system or when all internal forces cancel out.
• When two objects collide, their momenta are conserved (total momentum remains constant).
• Impulse is defined as the change in momentum over time (Δp/Δt) and has units of kg·m/s.
• Impact force is equal to change in momentum divided by time.
• Inelastic collision occurs when there is no rebound or bounce back from the impact.
• Newton's second law states that the net force on an object equals its mass times acceleration (Fnet = ma).
• When two objects collide, their momenta add up to zero if they stick together (conservation of momentum).
• If one object stops moving while another continues moving, then the first object must have transferred its entire momentum to the second object.
• Elastic collision occurs when the bodies bounce off each other without sticking together.
• Inelastic collision occurs when the bodies stick together after they have come to rest.
• Impulse is equal to force times time interval (FΔt), with units of N·s.
• In a collision between two objects, impulses are exchanged according to Newton's third law.
• Increasing the duration of impact increases the impulse delivered.