Earthquakes and Volcanoes

• Convection currents: The rise and fall of heat inside the mantle.
• Tectonic plates: Massive solid slab of solid rock that is mostly made of oceanic and continental crusts.
• Constructive plate boundary: Tectonic plates that are moving away from each other.
• Destructive plate boundary: Tectonic plates that are moving towards each other.
• Conservative plate boundary: Tectonic plates that are slipping past each other in opposite directions.
• Subduction: When an oceanic plate slides beneath a continental plate.
• Oceanic crust: The crust that makes up the sea floor.
• Continental crust: The crust that makes up the earth’s continents.
• Composite volcano: Cone shaped volcano with steep sides.
• Shield volcano: A wide shaped volcano with gentle slopes.
• Vent: The area where lava flows up above the earth’s surface
• Magma chamber: Liquid rock beneath the surface of the earth.
• Crater: The tip of the volcano where lies above the vent when the volcanic materials is ejected.
• Parasitic cone: Another crater that comes out from the side of the volcano.
• Caldera: A crater formed by the collapse of a volcanic cone by an explosion.
• Pyroclastic flows: High temperature, solid material that comes out of a volcano.
• Lahar: Another word for mudflow, when ash mixes with water and flows down the volcano.