Deviance Test 1

• Social deviance refers to any behavior that is contrary to established social norms, cultural norms, or moral expectations.
• Deviance refers to norms or actions that diverge from generally accepted standards in society, particularly concerning social or sexual behavior
• The concept of sociology of deviance represents not a singular discipline, but a convergence of various sociological theories
• The sociology of deviance is a collection of different and independent theories
• Poeple are often undecided about whether a particular action is truly deviant. INterpretations depend on collective interests, power relations, circumstances, biography and purpose
• Deviance arises when moral rules are applied, yet these rules are often imprecise and contextual
• What is considered deviant in one context may be mainstream in another. While social norms differ, all cultures have certain social norms and beliefs.
• In Canada, polygamy is illegal and this prohibition is associated with preventing a range of potential abuses, including the exploitation of minors and human trafficking.
• Deviance is not a static concept; it is viewed differently across cultures and evolves over time.
• Diachronic analysis examines the evolution of social norms within a society culture over time
• Synchronic Analysis compares social norms of different society culture at same point of time
• Deviance captivates the public imagination, fueling, creative industries and it provides rich material for various media
• The role of sociologist is that they often avoid setting agendas for what constitutes " social problems" preferring to maintain academic objectivity
• Translatability is the successful policy-making requires not just ideas but the energy, commitment, support
• Salience is the influence of sociological work on policy is affected by the accessibility of their knowledge, the scope of their research, its perceived benefits and practical utility
• The exploration of deviance is both intellectual stimulating and occasionally perplexing
• Approach the study with an open mind, and recognize that understanding deviance is an evolving process
• The systematic perspective is the functionalist view societies as complex systems, where each part is interconnected, much like the organs of a living organic.
• Contextualizing social units examine social units, like the family and their interrelations within a broader socio-economic framework.
• Emile Durkheim and George Herbert Mead studied the normal and the deviant
• Social function: Durkheim proposed that deviance plays a crucial role in enforcing moral boundaries within a society
• Community cohesion acts of deviance serve to unite a community by collectively identifying and acting against transgressions
• Efforts to eradicate all deviance would only lead to the exaggeration of minor infractions
• humanizing deviance is the analysis shifts toward recognizing the deviant as a subject with agency, moving away from stigmatizing labels of pathology
• Embracing diversity is the perspective that acknowledge the breadth of human diversity and reframes deviance as a part of the spectrum of human behaviors
• Complexity of deviance is the multifaced and requires a nuanced and complex approach to its analysis
• Bootlegging is a complex activity during periods of prohibition. It was well organized, carefully coordinated with many players
• according to Durkheim, anomie is a state of normlessness, where the usual social norms and values no longer guidance to individuals
• Durkheim believed that anomie occurs during periods of significant social change or stress, where societal norms fail to effectively regulate individual behaviors.
• According to Durkheim anomie is characterized by a breakdown of the bond between the indivudal and the community
• Consequences of anomie, according to Durkheim is isolation, meaninglessness and increased deviance.
• Durkheim proposed that the development of a collective consciousness and the establishment of new social norms are essential to mitigate the effects of anomie
• Merton focuses on the social structure and its effect on individual behavior
• Merton's Anomie theory is that the anomie occurs when there's a disjunction between societal goals and the means available to achieve them.
• Merton on anomie: - Society encourages certain success goals, - not everyone has légitimâtes means
• societal shifts is the movement from deferedd gratification and long-term planning to prioritizing short-term gains and immediate rewards
• Consequences of the societal shifts is that the developement of an imbalance in wealth and power distribution and it reduced commitment to societal institutions, leading to weakened institutionals knowledge
• Functionalism analyses soceity's complex system and their functions
• Epidemiology is the study of the distribution and determinants of health and diseases
• Park used an ecological approach