Semi-conservative mechanism

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    grace A

    Cards (109)

    • What is the semi-conservative mechanism?
      DNA replication creating two identical copies
    • In what way does the dispersive mechanism differ from the semi-conservative mechanism?
      Dispersive has mixed old and new segments
    • What does each new DNA molecule consist of in the semi-conservative mechanism?
      One old strand and one new strand
    • What is the significance of the semi-conservative mechanism?
      It ensures accurate replication of genetic information
    • How does the structure of new DNA in the conservative mechanism differ from the semi-conservative mechanism?
      Conservative has two new strands, semi-conservative has one old strand
    • What is the name of the enzyme that joins the Okazaki fragments on the lagging strand?
      Ligase
    • How do the components of DNA replication work together?
      They replicate DNA effectively in sequence
    • What does ligase do during DNA replication?
      It joins Okazaki fragments on the lagging strand
    • How is DNA replication similar to building with Legos?
      • Split the original DNA (big Lego tower) in half
      • Add new nucleotides (new Legos) to each half
      • Create two identical DNA strands (complete towers)
    • What is the significance of the coordination among helicase, RNA primers, DNA polymerase, and ligase in DNA replication?
      It ensures effective and accurate DNA replication
    • How does the replication of the leading and lagging strands differ?
      Leading strand: Continuous synthesis in the 5' to 3' direction
      Lagging strand: Discontinuous synthesis in the 5' to 3' direction, forming Okazaki fragments that are later joined by ligase
    • What is the function of DNA polymerase?
      It adds new nucleotides to the growing DNA strand
    • What is a replication fork?
      The point where DNA unwinds during replication
    • What is the name of the enzyme that replicates DNA?
      Primase
    • What are the key components involved in DNA replication?
      • Helicase: unwinds the DNA double helix
      • RNA primers: mark where replication begins
      • DNA polymerase: adds new nucleotides
      • Ligase: joins Okazaki fragments
    • What happens after the big Lego tower is split in half?
      New Legos are added to each half
    • How does the semi-conservative mechanism ensure DNA fidelity?
      By using one original and one new strand
    • What is a template strand in DNA replication?
      The original strand guiding new strand synthesis
    • What is the significance of the double helix structure of DNA?
      It allows for efficient storage and replication of genetic information
    • What is the structure of new DNA in the semi-conservative mechanism?
      One old strand paired with one new strand
    • What is the role of DNA polymerase?
      It synthesizes new DNA strands
    • How does the semi-conservative mechanism differ from conservative and dispersive mechanisms?
      It uses one old strand and one new strand
    • What happens to the DNA strands after helicase unwinds them?
      They separate into single strands for replication
    • What is the significance of having both old and new Legos in the new towers?
      It ensures genetic continuity and variation
    • What do RNA primers do in DNA replication?
      They provide a starting point for DNA synthesis
    • What do the two new Lego towers represent in DNA replication?
      Two identical DNA strands formed
    • What do RNA primers do in DNA replication?
      They mark where replication should begin
    • What is the purpose of the RNA primers laid down by primase during DNA replication?
      To provide a starting point for DNA polymerase to synthesize new DNA strands
    • What are the characteristics of the three DNA replication mechanisms?
      • Semi-conservative:
      • One old strand paired with one new strand
      • Conservative:
      • Two completely new strands, original intact
      • Dispersive:
      • Each strand is a mix of old and new fragments
    • If we have a DNA strand and helicase unwinds it, what is the next step?
      Add RNA primers to initiate synthesis
    • What are the three main components of a nucleotide?
      • Phosphate group
      • Sugar (deoxyribose)
      • Nitrogenous base
    • How does the process of DNA replication resemble magic?
      It creates identical copies from one original
    • Why is accurate replication of the DNA sequence important?
      To maintain genetic information integrity
    • How does the addition of new nucleotides occur during DNA replication?
      Each nucleotide adds to its specific complementary base
    • What structure is essential for DNA replication?
      Double helix structure
    • If the sequence of base pairs in a DNA strand is ATCGAT, what would the complementary sequence be?

      TAGCTA
    • What analogy is used to describe RNA primers' function?
      Like the first Lego brick to start building
    • What analogy is used to describe helicase's function?
      Like a zipper that opens two sides
    • What is the name of the enzyme that plays a role in elongation during DNA replication?
      DNA polymerase III
    • What stabilizes the specific pairing of DNA bases?
      Hydrogen bonds
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