Reproductive system

• Asexual mode reproduction occurs only in lower invertebrates and other simpler living species such as amoeba, bacteria, and hydra.
• Reproduction is the biological process of producing a new individual or an offspring identical to the parents.
• Reproduction ensures the increase in the number of individuals of a species when conditions are favourable.
• There are two types of reproduction: asexual and sexual.
• Sexual Reproduction is a complex process that involves the formation and transfer of gametes, followed by fertilization, the formation of the zygote, and embryogenesis.
• Asexual Reproduction involves only one parent and the new offspring produced is genetically similar to the parent.
• Human beings undergo a sexual mode of reproduction where two parents are involved in producing a new individual.
• Offspring are produced by the fusion of gametes (sex cells) from each parent.
• Human reproduction is an example of sexual reproduction.
• In human beings, both males and females have different reproductive systems, exhibiting sexual dimorphism.
• Male reproductive system includes testes, also called testicles, which are responsible for the production of sperms and the male hormone testosterone.
• Scrotum is a sac-like organ that hangs below the penis and behind it, maintaining a temperature required for the production of sperm by testes.
• Vas deferens is a muscular tube that stores sperms produced in testes and delivers them to urethra.
• Accessory glands include seminal vesicles, prostate gland, and Cowper’s gland, which mix their secretions to form a fluid called semen.
• Penis is a cylindrical tube which serves as both reproductive organ and an excretory organ, delivering sperms into the vagina during sexual intercourse.
• The process of reproduction in humans usually begins with copulation, followed by the Pre-fertilization, Fertilization, and Post-fertilization.
• A complete pregnancy period lasts for 38-40 weeks or 9 months from the first day of your last menstrual period to the birth of the baby.
• In human, reproduction plays a significant role in the continuity of species from one generation to another generation.
• Both male and female reproductive organs play an important role in the process of reproduction in humans.
• Providing nutrition and protecting the developing embryo is a crucial aspect of female reproductive function.
• Parturition is the process of delivering the baby after the completion of pregnancy or a fully grown developed fetus and placenta from the uterus to the vagina to the outside world.
• During puberty, eggs in the ovaries start to mature.
• One of the ovaries releases the matured ovum in every 28 to 30 days and is called ovulation.
• Reproduction is a fundamental biological process carried out by different living organisms to produce their young ones or offspring.
• Fertilization is the fusion of male and haploid female gametes (egg and sperm) resulting in the formation of a diploid zygote.
• In Biology, the trimester system mainly refers to three months.
• Sexual Reproduction is carried out by a set of events and are divided into three stages: Pre-fertilization, Fertilization, and Post-fertilization.
• Humans reproduce their young ones sexually by the interaction between the male and female reproductive organs.
• Cell Differentiation is the process through which a young and immature cell develops into a specialized and matured cell.
• Without reproduction, there would no life existing on the planet earth.
• The pregnancy period is divided into three stages, which are collectively called trimesters.
• Female reproductive system consists of a pair of ovaries which produce and store ovum in them and also produce a female hormone called estrogen.
• Fallopian tubes, also known as Oviducts, are the site of fertilization and connect ovaries with the uterus.
• Uterus is the site of development for the embryo.
• Vagina is the part which connects the cervix to the external female body parts, serving as a route for the penis during coitus as well as a fetus during delivery.
• Female reproductive system has two functions: production of female gamete called ovum/egg.
• Testosterone is secreted by Leydig cells in the interstitial tissue between the seminiferous tubules.
• Sperm cells are produced by spermatogenesis in the seminiferous tubules within the testes.
• The male reproductive organs include the testes, epididymis, vas deferens, seminal vesicles, prostate gland, bulbourethral glands, penis, scrotum, and accessory ducts.
• Spermatozoa or sperms are produced from germinal epithelium lining the walls of the seminiferous tubules.