gothic architecture

• Where did Gothic Architecture originate?

  Northern France
• In which century did Gothic Architecture begin?

  12th century
• What is another name for Gothic Architecture in France?

  Opus Modernum
• Which countries adapted Gothic Architecture?

  England, France, Germany, Italy, Spain
• What influenced the building materials used in Gothic Architecture?

  Geological factors
• How did the climate of Northern Europe influence Gothic Architecture?

  It favored high-pitched roofs
• Who were the prime movers behind Gothic Architecture?

  The higher clergy and Popes
• What influenced the general plan of many Gothic buildings?

  Foundation of chantry chapels
• What architectural feature was demanded for processional purposes in Gothic Architecture?

  An ambulatory
• Which architectural styles influenced Gothic Architecture?

  Romanesque, Byzantine, Middle Eastern
• What feature did Gothic architecture retain from Romanesque architecture?

  Western façade with two towers
• What architectural element did Gothic architecture adopt from Byzantine architecture?

  The flying buttress
• What are the characteristics of Early Gothic architecture?

  • Soaring verticality
  • Use of pointed arches
  • Vaulted ceilings
  • Thinner walls with stained-glass windows
  • Basilica of Saint-Denis as a model
• What was the significance of the pointed arch in Gothic architecture?

  It allowed for asymmetrical spaces
• What defines the High Gothic period?

  • Greater verticality with pinnacles and spires
  • Emphasis on flying buttresses
  • Expanded rose windows
  • Notable examples: Chartres, Amiens, Notre Dame
• What is the term for the decorative style associated with European courts around 1375?

  International Gothic
• What social factor contributed to the growth of Gothic architecture?

  Municipal rivalries in growing towns
• What are the key features of Gothic architecture?

  • Pointed arches
  • Flying buttresses
  • Rib and panel vaulting
  • Stained glass windows
  • Spires and pinnacles
• What are the types of vaults used in Gothic architecture?

  1. Rib vault
  2. Stellar vault
  3. Fan vault
• What is a characteristic of English Gothic architecture openings?

  They include tall and narrow lancet openings
• What type of roof is commonly found in Gothic architecture?

  Open timber roofs
• What are the types of roofs used in Gothic architecture?

  1. Trussed rafter roofs
  2. Tie-beam roofs
  3. Collar-braced roofs
  4. Hammer-beam roofs
  5. Aisle roofs
• What is the significance of Westminster Abbey?

  It is one of the largest Benedictine monasteries
• Which cathedral has the greatest total length in Europe?

  Winchester Cathedral
• What is unique about Durham Cathedral?

  It was designed entirely with rib-vaulting
• Which cathedral is known for its extensive use of Purbeck marble?

  Salisbury Cathedral
• Which cathedral is associated with the movie Harry Potter?

  Durham Cathedral
• What does a tine monastery comprise?

  An Abbey church and a square cloister court
• Who were the master builders of the tine monastery?

  Master Henry Yevele, Hugh Herland, John James
• What style is the tine monastery built in?

  Geometric style with pinnacle and tracery windows
• When was Winchester Cathedral begun?

  1079
• What is the total length of Winchester Cathedral?

  560 ft
• When was Salisbury Cathedral begun?

  1220
• What distinguishes York Minster Cathedral?

  It is the largest in area and width
• What material is extensively used in Salisbury Cathedral?

  Purbeck marble
• What architectural feature does Salisbury Cathedral boast?

  A central tower with the loftiest style
• What is the significance of Canterbury Cathedral?

  It was begun by Norman Archbishop LanFranc
• What architectural feature is Canterbury Cathedral known for?

  Earliest example of double transepts in England
• What is notable about Durham Cathedral?

  It was designed entirely with a rib-vaulting system
• Who built the Tower of London?

  Bishop Gundulf for William I