Abnormality

• Statistical Infrequency

  Less common characteristics.

  How often we come across something is a way to define abnormalities. Unusual behaviour can be seen as normal, and unusual as abnormal, this is Statistical infrequency.
• What was the iq statistical infrequency test

  Average iq is 100, most (68%) score 85 to 115. 2% score below 70 and thats abnormal and can get diagnosed with a disability. 130 plus is also abnormal
• Evaluation for usefulness real world application

  Usef in therapies, clinical practice to assess how bad individuals symptoms are. A diagnosis of Intelectual disability requires an iq below 70.

  Beck depression inventory is used for depression and a score of 304 is severely depressed. It's useful in diagnosis
• Evaluation, unusual characteristics can be positive

  Infeequent characteristics can be positive and negative. For every person below 70 another is above 130, being severly depressed isn't seen as abnormal. This isn't efficient as the primary basis for defining abnormalities
• What does deviation from social norms refer to?

  Behaviors that differ from societal expectations
• Why do people label behaviors as abnormal?

  Because they offend societal norms of acceptability
• How do social norms vary across generations?

  They can change based on societal evolution
• What are common traits of individuals with antisocial personality disorder?

  Impulsivity, aggression, and irresponsibility
• What is a symptom of antisocial personality disorder?

  Absence of prosocial internal standards
• Why is antisocial personality disorder considered abnormal in many cultures?

  It does not conform to societal standards
• What are the strengths and limitations of using deviation from social norms in clinical practice?

  Strengths:

  • Useful in clinical practice
  • Helps define antisocial personality disorder

  
  

  Limitations:

  • Variability of social norms across cultures
  • Risk of labeling and human rights abuses
• What does failure to function adequately mean?

  Inability to cope with daily demands
• What are signs of failure to function adequately?

  Inability to maintain hygiene and relationships
• Who proposed criteria for failure to function adequately?

  Rosenhan and Seligman
• What is a criterion for intellectual disability diagnosis?

  Failure to function adequately in daily life
• What are the criteria for ideal mental health according to Jahoda?

  1. No symptoms of distress
  2. Rational perception of self
  3. Self-actualization
  4. Ability to cope with stress
  5. Good interpersonal relationships
  6. Realistic worldview
• What is a strength of the failure to function adequately approach?

  It provides a clear threshold for seeking help
• Why might labeling someone as failing to function be problematic?

  It can lead to stigma and discrimination
• How does cultural relativism affect the definition of abnormal behavior?

  It complicates judgments of deviance across cultures
• What is a limitation of the failure to function adequately approach?

  It may mislabel lifestyle choices as abnormal
• What is a common reaction to difficult life circumstances?

  Failure to function adequately
• Why is it unfair to label someone during bereavement?

  It may cause additional stigma and problems
• How can failure to function be seen as a valid measure of mental health?

  It identifies when individuals need support
• What is a potential issue with diagnosing based on failure to function?

  It may overlook personal circumstances and choices
• What can cause someone to fail to function adequately?

  Life events like bereavement or stress
• What is Jaboda's criteria of ideal mental health known for?

  It is easy to understand.
• Why do most people seek help with mental health?

  Jaboda's criteria covers their reasons.
• How can individuals' health be discussed meaningfully?

  With professionals using Jaboda's criteria.
• What is the purpose of the ideal mental health checklist?

  To assess ourselves and others meaningfully.
• How might a psychiatrist assess an individual differently?

  By focusing on symptoms or self-actualization.
• What is a weakness of Jaboda's mental health criteria?

  It sets extremely high standards.
• Why can high standards in mental health criteria be discouraging?

  They are hard to maintain and reach.
• How can high standards in mental health criteria be practically valuable?

  They provide a target for improvement.
• What are the strengths and weaknesses of Jaboda's criteria of ideal mental health?

  Strengths:

  • Easy to understand
  • Covers reasons for seeking help
  • Allows meaningful discussions with professionals
  • Provides a checklist for assessment

  
  

  Weaknesses:

  • Sets extremely high standards
  • Hard to maintain
  • Can be discouraging to reach