simon de montfort

• What was the relationship between Simon and Henry?

  - was one of Henry's fav stewards

  - married Henry's sister Eleanor

  - was given special favour by the king
• Problems with Henry III?

  - he was pious and gave top jobs in English churches to Italian clergy

  - Henry had marital ties to the French who the barons hated

  - lost wars in France in 1230

  - raised taxes to support wars and pay the pope
• When does the second barons war begin?

  1264
• When were the provisions of Oxford agreed?

  In 1258 a the great council meeting led by Simon de Montfort
• Who was in charge of the great council following the provisions of Oxford?

  A council of 15 barons elected by 24 men - 12 barons and 12 kingsmen
• What were some terms of the provisions of Oxford?

  -foreign members of the royal household were banished

  -castles would be held by Englishmen

  -each county has a sherrif who decides local taxes

  -no funding the pope for wars in Sicily
• What was the short term consequence of the provisions of Oxford?

  Barons had more power and could make decisions without kings approval but king needed barons approval for decisions
• Why did older barons dislike the provisions of Oxford

  They interfered with local interest and feudal system
• Why did young barons dislike the provisions of Oxford?

  They weren't elected into the council and lost influwnce
• When were the provisions of Westminster signed and what changed?

  October 1959

  Reformed local government

  Popular amongst less wealthy
• What did the pope approve in 1261?

  He cancelled the provisions

  Henry set his own council

  De Montfort fled to France
• When was the battle of lewes?

  May 1264
• What was the significance of the battle of Lewes?

  King was captured

  Son Edward was imprisoned

  England without a king and with de Montfort in charge was on its was to a republic
• Why did some barons dislike the great council

  We're worried de Montfort was too powerful

  Council was made of friends and allies

  Reconfirmed Magna Carta and provisions
• What was significant about the great council of 1265?

  Knights and burgesses were invited

  For the first time ordinary people had a voice
• What was the battle of Evesham?

  1265 - barons viewed de Montfort as an autocrat and with Henry and prince edward raised an army
• When was de Montfort killed?

  4th August 1265

  He fell crying "gods grace"

  His body was cut up and used as a warning
• Short term significance of de Montforts parliament?

  Henry didn't call another council meeting till his son became king Edward 1 in 1272 and called many parliaments

  In 1295 he set up the model parliament
• Medium term significance of de Montforts parliament?

  Kings power was challenged again in 1269 with execution of Charles

  Kings power didn't change until glorious revolution in 1688
• Long term significance of de Montforts parliament?

  1849 Chartist campaign for working class representation in parliament

  Women didn't get vote till 1918