Era

• Art - dynamic skills & methods in assisting sick
• Science - scientific knowledge and skills
• Science - diagnosis & treatment of human responses to actual/ potential problem
• Medical diagnosis - diseases that the patient is suffering from
• Nursing diagnosis - responses to actual or potential problem
• Nursing diagnosis - relieve the pain and focus on response
• ADPIE

  A= Assessment

  D= Diagnosis

  P= Planning

  I= Implementation

  E= Evaluation
• Era of Nursing

  1. Intuitive
  2. Apprentice
  3. Educative
  4. Contemporary
• Intuitive - pre-historic times among primitive tribes & last through the early Christian era
• Intuitive - nursing was untaught and instinctive
• Trephining - 1st known surgery
• Trephining - drilling the skull to cure for headache
• Near east


  mode of nomadic life → agrarian society → gradual development of urban community life
• Near east - nursing as a duty of slaves & wives
• Near east birth of 3 religous ideologist:

  • Judaism
  • Christian
  • Islam
• Near east

  Babylonia - code of hammurabi
• Code of hammurabi - 1st recording on medical practice
• Code of hammurabi - right of patient to choose treatment between the use of charm, medicine or surgical procedures
• Near east

  Egypt - art of embalming
• Embalming - removing the internal organs of the dead body
• Embalming - instillation of herbs and salt to the dead
• salt - attracts water
• Near east

  Israel - Teaching of Moses
• Moses - father of sanitation
• Near east - nurse as midwives, wet nurse or child's nurse
• Israel - condom was discovered
• Condom was discovered made from small intestine of sheep
• Far east

  China - materia medica
• Materia medica - book that indicates the pharmacologic drug used for treatment of a disease
• China - use of wax to preserve the body of the dead
• Far east

  India - sushurutu
• Near east

  • Babylonia
  • Egypt
  • Israel
• Far east

  • China
  • India
• Sushurutu - 1st recording on nursing practice
• Sushurutu - hampered by Taboo's due to social structures of animal worship
• India - medicine men built hospital
• India - there was proficient practice of medicine and surgery
• Ancient greece- nursing was a task of untrained slave
• Caduceus - insignia of medicine
• Hippocrates - father of scientific/ modern medicine