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• A term generally used to describe a new technology is emerging technology.
• Emerging technology is also referred to as the continuing development of existing technology.
• Emerging technology is usually creating or expected to create significant social or economic effect.
• A technology is still emerging if it is not yet a "must-have", according to Miller (2005).
• The eight emerging technologies are Block chain, AI, Big data, Internet of things, VR and AR, 3D printing, Robotics, Cloud computing.
• Techne means art, skill, craft, or the way, manner, or means by which a thing is gained.
• Logos means word, the utterance by which inward thought is expressed, a saying, or an expression.
• Technology is the application of scientific knowledge for practical purposes.
• Evolution means the process of developing by gradual changes.
• Radical Novelty- it describes emerging technology as progressing technology, were existing technology can be applied for a new use.
• Relatively fast growth- it describes emerging technology as it can be observe in public or private funding, knowledges output produced and prototypes.
• Coherence it describes emerging technology a convergence of previously seperated research streams and technologies that have already move beyond the purely conceptual age.
• Prominent Impact it describes emerging technology as having a big impact to wide range of sectors, transforms an industry, and exerts much enhanced economic influence.
• Uncertainty and ambigiuty uncertainty in emerging technology arises because proposed applications are still malleable.
• The Industrial Revolution (IR) was a fundamental change in the way goods were produced, from human labor to machine.
• The Industrial Revolution (IR) is described as a transition to new manufacturing processes.
• The term “Fourth Industrial Revolution” or IR 4.0 was coined by Klaus Schwab, the founder and executive chairman of World Economic Forum, in the year 2016.
• A cyber-physical system is a mechanism that is controlled or monitored by computer-based algorithms, tightly integrated with the Internet and its user.
• A smart city is a city that uses technology and data to improve the quality of life for its residents.
• The first Industrial Revolution was coined in the 1760s and included transitions from hand production methods to machines, the increasing use of steam power, the development of machine tools, and the rise of the factory system.
• The second Industrial Revolution began in the 1870s and saw advancements in manufacturing interchangeable parts and widespread adoption of pre-existing technological systems such as telegraph and railroad network, communication, electrical power, and telephones.
• The third Industrial Revolution introduced the transition from mechanical and analog electronic technology to digital electronics which began from the late 1950s.
• This period is characterized by the rise of digital technology, automation, and the internet.
• Advancements in various technologies such as robotics, Internet of Things, additive manufacturing, and autonomous vehicles, are also part of the current Industrial Revolution.
• The Industrial Revolution 2.0 began in the 1870s and included the development of methods for manufacturing interchangeable parts and widespread adoption of pre-existing technological systems such as telegraph and railroad network, communication, electrical power and telephones.
• Industrial Revolution 3.0 introduced the transition from mechanical and analog electronic technology to digital electronics which began from the late 1950s.
• This period is characterized by the rise of digital technology, automation, and the internet.