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XYC002 : Body Systems
Topic 14: Reproductive System
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Shantell Okekumata
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Cards (48)
What do the testes produce?
Sperm
and
hormones
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What hormones do the testes secrete?
Testosterone
and
inhibin
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What is the function of the epididymis?
Site of
sperm
maturation
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How many sections can the epididymis be divided into?
Three
sections
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What are the three sections of the epididymis?
Head
,
body
, and
tail
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What does the vas deferens connect?
Epididymis
to the
urethra
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What is the role of the vas deferens during ejaculation?
Transports
sperm
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What percentage of seminal fluid does the prostate gland secrete?
Up to
25%
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What do the seminal vesicles secrete?
The majority of
seminal fluid
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What is the function of the bulbourethral glands?
Secrete
mucus
and neutralize
acid
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What is semen composed of?
A mixture of
sperm
and
seminal fluid
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What is the role of the dartos muscle in the scrotum?
Regulates
testis
temperature
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What does the scrotum cover?
Testes
,
epididymis
, and
spermatic cord
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What is the primary composition of the penis?
Erectile tissue
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What is the glans penis formed by?
Terminal part of the
corpus spongiosum
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What does the body of the penis contain?
Corpus spongiosum
and
corpora cavernosa
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What is the root of the penis composed of?
Bulb and two
crura
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Where does spermatogenesis occur?
In the
testes
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What are the stages of meiosis involved in spermatogenesis?
Meiosis I and
meiosis II
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What happens at puberty in males?
Development of
secondary sex characteristics
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What cells produce testosterone in the testes?
Leydig cells
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What do Sertoli cells support?
Germ cell progenitors
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What do Sertoli cells produce?
Testicular fluid
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What are the main organs of the female reproductive system?
Ovaries
,
fallopian
tubes,
uterus
,
vagina
,
vulva
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What do the ovaries produce?
Secondary oocytes
and
hormones
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What hormones do the ovaries produce?
Oestrogens
,
progesterone
,
inhibin
,
relaxin
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What is the function of the female reproductive system?
Fertilization
and development of the
fetus
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What are the components of the vulva?
Mons pubis
,
labia majora
,
labia minora
,
clitoris
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What are the three parts of the uterus?
Fundus
,
body
,
cervix
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What is the function of the cervix?
Links the
uterus
with the
vagina
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What are the layers of the uterus wall?
Perimetrium
,
myometrium
, endometrium
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What is the outer layer of the uterus called?
Perimetrium
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What is the function of the myometrium?
Responsible for
contractions
during delivery
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What is the inner lining of the uterus called?
Endometrium
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What are the two parts of the endometrium?
Stratum
basalis
and stratum
functionalis
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How long are the fallopian tubes?
10-12 cm
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What is the infundibulum of the fallopian tube?
Funnel-shaped portion closer to the
ovary
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What is the ampulla of the fallopian tube?
Wider part of the
oviduct
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What is the isthmus of the fallopian tube?
Narrow
lumen
connecting to the
uterus
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What is oogenesis?
Production of
female
gametes
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