HASOPL Lesson 2

• Coding Systems are used to represent data and programs in a manner understood by the computer.
• Bit is the smallest unit of data that a computer can read.
• Numbering system is a way of representing numbers
• American Standard Code for Information Exchange is a coding system used with personal computers.
• Extended Binary-Coded Decimal Interchange Code was developed by IBM, primarily for mainframes.
• Video Data is displayed using a collection of frames, each frame containing a still image.
• Machine language is a binary language for representing computer programs that computer can execute directly.
• System unit is the main case of a computer.
• System unit houses the processing hardware of a computer.
• System unit contains the storage devices, the power supply, and cooling fans.
• Motherboard connects all the components of the computer.
• Motherboard is the main circuit board of a computer.
• Computer Chip are very small pieces of silicon or other semi-conducting material onto which integrated circuits are embedded.
• Circuit Board is a thin board containing computer chips and other electric components.
• System Board is the main circuit board inside the system unit to which all devices must connect.
• Power Supply is connected to the motherboard to deliver electricity.
• Drive Bays are rectangular metal racks inside the system unit that house the storage devices.
• Graphics Processing Unit takes care of the processing needed to display images on the screen.
• Benchmark tests can be used to evaluate overall processing speed.
• Cache Memory are a special group of very fast memory chips located on or close to the CPU.
• A bus is an electronic path over which data can travel.
• Bus width refers to the number of wires in the bus over which data can travel.
• Fans helps cool the CPU and the system unit.
• Heat sinks are small components typically made out of aluminum with fins that help dissipate heat.
• Expansion slot is a location on the motherboard into which expansion cards are inserted.
• An expansion card is a circuit board inserted in an expansion slot.
• Expansion Bus connects the CPU to peripherals.
• Memory Bus connects the CPU directly to RAM.
• Front-side Bus connects the CPU to the chipset that connects the CPU to the rest of the bus architecture.
• Universal Serial Bus allows 127 different devices to connect to a computer via a single USB port.
• FireWire Bus was developed by Apple to connect multimedia devices to a computer.
• Port is a connector on the exterior of the computer's system unit to which a device may be attached.